Superfluidity breakdown of Rabi-coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices

He, Huaxin; Zhang, Yongping

doi:10.1103/physreva.103.053322

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The loss of superfluidity can be regarded as a system's instability, also called Landau instability [51,56,57]. In addition, when a perturbation is applied to the system, if the system deviates from the ground state, the Bloch wave also suffer energetically and dynamically instability [6,56,[58][59][60][61]. We expect that a density-dependent artificial gauge field with a back-action between the BECs dynamics and the gauge field will yield a novel energy spectrum and superfluidity of Bloch wave in optical lattices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy spectrum and superfluidity breakdown of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattice under density-dependent artificial gauge field

Zhou,

Ma,

et al. 2024

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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The nonlinear feedback between the gauge field and the material field can yield novel quantumphenomena. Here, the interplay of a density-dependent artificial gauge field and Bose-Einstein con densates (BECs) trapped in optical lattice are studied. The energy spectrum and superfluidityrepresented by energetic and dynamical stabilities of the system are systematically discussed. Thedensity-dependent artificial gauge field with a back-action between the BECs dynamics and thegauge field induces an effective atomic interaction that depends on the quasi-momentum and den sity of the condensates, resulting in symmetry-broken energy spectrum and exotic stability phasediagram, i.e., the system is stable only in a certain range of atoms density and under a limited latticestrength. The density-dependent artificial gauge field changes the sequence for the emergence ofenergetic and dynamical instability and the regimes of the energetic and dynamical instabilities aresignificantly separated, offering an efficient way to study the energetic and dynamical instabilitiesof superfluid separately. Particularly, the density-dependent artificial gauge field, as a mechanismfor transferring momentum to the fluid, results in dynamic instability of the condensates even infree space. Our results provide a deep insight into the dynamical response of superfluid system tothe gauge field and have potential application for coherent control of exotic superfluid states.

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