Superfluidity: How Quantum Mechanics Became Visible

Balibar, S.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7199-4_6

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 89 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…When warmed, the concentration rises (figure 5), which forces more of them into nematic domains, where they are closely correlated, giving additional modes to shed energy and momentum, which introduces dissipation similar to a normal liquid. This agrees with the empirical two-fluid model of helium II, where it is superfluid at low temperature with an increasing proportion of normal fluid when warmed 47 .…”

Section: Mesophasessupporting

confidence: 88%

Evidence that rotons in helium II are interstitial atoms

Brady,

Samulski,

Turban

2017

Preprint

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Superfluid helium II contains excitations known as rotons. Their properties have been studied experimentally for more than 70 years but their structure is not fully understood. Feynman's 1954 description, involving rotating flow patterns, does not fully explain later experimental data. Here we identify volumetric, thermodynamic, colloidal, excitation, x-ray and neutron scattering evidence that rotons are composed of interstitial helium atoms. We show in particular that they have the same mass, effective mass and activation energy within experimental accuracy. They readily move through the substrate, and couple through lattice vibrations to produce quantized, loss-free flow which corresponds to the observed superflow. Our observations revive London's 1936 conclusion that helium II has a relatively open crystal-like lattice with enough free volume for atoms to move relative to one another, and reconcile it with London's 1938 description of a quantum fluid.

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Section: Mesophasessupporting

confidence: 88%

Evidence that rotons in helium II are interstitial atoms

Brady,

Samulski,

Turban

2017

Preprint

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Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Neutron Stars

Chamel

2017

J Astrophys Astron

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Neutron stars, the compact stellar remnants of core-collapse supernova explosions, are unique cosmic laboratories for exploring novel phases of matter under extreme conditions. In particular, the occurrence of superfluidity and superconductivity in neutron stars will be briefly reviewed.Comment: Has appeared in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy special issue on "Physics of Neutron Stars and Related Objects", celebrating the 75th birth-year of G. Srinivasa

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Superfluidity: How Quantum Mechanics Became Visible

Cited by 2 publications

References 89 publications

Evidence that rotons in helium II are interstitial atoms

Evidence that rotons in helium II are interstitial atoms

Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Neutron Stars

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