Superhydrophobic nanoporous polymers as efficient adsorbents for organic compounds

Superhydrophobic Activated Carbon‐Coated Sponges for Separation and Absorption

“…When an octane droplet was placed on the surface, it could be quickly absorbed into the PDMS-treated AK 1 powder without absorption of water, implying an excellent selective absorption performance (see the Supporting Information, Figure S1). Similar observations were also made in other systems including superhydrophobic absorbents for the selective absorption of oils or organics from water, such as superwetting nanowire membranes, [13] carbon nanotube sponges, [3] nanoporous polydivinylbenzene, [14] and spongy graphene. [15] To investigate the effect of PDMS deposition on the chemical composition of the surface of PDMS-treated AK 1 , X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were also performed.…”

“…Specifically, the as-treated sponge had an absorbency of 1.38 ton m À3 for chloroform and 1.54 ton m À3 for phenixin. In addition, relative to superhydrophobic absorbents, [3,[13][14][15] the as-treated sponge was much easier to prepare and handle for practical use. Having the advantage of low cost, simple preparatory process, good recyclability, high absorbency, and selectivity, this superhydrophobic AK 1 -coated sponge may have great potential for the removal of oils and toxic organic contaminants from water.…”

“…Recently, several types of porous materials with excellent surface superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity have been reported and successfully used for the separation and absorption of organics or oils from water. [8][9][10] The first case for oil/water separation using a superhydrophobic and superoleophilic coating mesh film was reported by Jiang et al [11] Subsequently, superhydrophobic zinc oxide-coated mesh films, [12] superwetting nanowire membranes, [13] superhydrophobic nanoporous polydivinylbenzene, [14] conjugated microporous polymers, (CMPs) [8] and spongy graphene [15] were developed. Owing to their excellent surface wettability, these superwetting materials showed good absorption performance and selectivity for the removal of organics and oils from water.…”

Recent developments in polymeric superoleophobic surfaces

“…They realized filtration or absorption of oils from water selectively and effectively. [137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145] However, this type of materials is easily fouled even blocked up by oils because of their intrinsic oleophilic property. The adhered oils seriously affect the separation efficiency, service life, and the recycle of oils and materials.…”

Biomimetic Adsorbents: Enrichment of Trace Amounts of Organic Contaminants (TAOCs) in Aqueous Solution

“…Although some materials did not have large specific surface area, their adsorption capacities were much higher than the porous materials, showing unique advantages of biomass adsorbents in adsorption principles and mechanism. Zhang et al (2009) produced a super hydrophobic polydivinylbenzene with high specific surface area and pore volume, controllable pore size distribution, super hydrophobicity and super lipotropy. The adsorption capacity for organic pollutants was compared with activated carbon and Amberlite XAD-4 resin, as illustrated in Fig 14. It could found that the adsorption capacity of polydivinylbenzene was much higher than that of activated carbon and Amberlite XAD-4 resin, suggesting good potential for applications.…”