‘Superior biceps aponeurosis’—Morphological characteristics of the origin of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle

Podgórski, Michał; Olewnik, Łukasz; Rusinek, Marcelina; Cichosz, Maciej; Polguj, Michał; Topol, Mirosław

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2019.01.014

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The left upper limb from a male cadaver that was 78-year-old at death underwent routine anatomical dissection for research and teaching purposes in the Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Poland. [38,45,46] Morphology of the coracobrachialis longus muscle:…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential compression of the musculocutaneous, median and ulnar nerves by a very rare variant of the coracobrachialis longus muscle

et al. 2021

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential compression of the musculocutaneous, median and ulnar nerves by a very rare variant of the coracobrachialis longus muscle

et al. 2021

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“…Any upper limbs with evidence of surgical intervention in the dissected area were excluded. All dissection of the shoulder and arm area were performed in accordance with an pre-established protocol [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proposal for a new classification of coracobrachialis muscle morphology

et al. 2021

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Introduction The coracobrachialis muscle (CRM) originates from the apex of the coracoid process, in common with the short head of the biceps brachii muscle, and from the intermuscular septum. It inserts to the medial part of the humerus between the attachment of the medial head of the triceps brachii and the brachial muscle. Both the proximal and distal attachments of the CRM, as well as its relationship with the musculocutaneus nerve, demonstrate morphological variability. Material and methods One hundred and one upper limbs (52 left, and 49 right) fixed in 10% formalin solution were examined. Results Three main types, with subtypes, were identified. The most common was Type I (49.5), characterized by a single muscle belly with a classical origin from the coracoid process, medially and posteriorly to the tendon of the biceps brachii. Type II (42.6%), characterized by two heads, was divided into two subtypes (A-B) depending on its origin: Type IIA, where one head originated from the coracoid process posteriorly to the tendon of the biceps brachii and the second head from the short head of the biceps brachii, and Type IIB, in which both heads originated from the coracoid process; however, the superficial head fused with the insertion of a short head of the biceps brachii, while the deep head was directly originating. Finally, Type III (7.9%) was characterized by three heads: two originated from the coracoid process (superficial and deep), and the third from a short head of the biceps brachii. Two types of insertion and two types of musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) relative to CRM could be distinguished. Conclusion An adapted classification is needed for all clinicians working in this area, as well as for anatomists. The CRM demonstrates morphological variability in both its proximal and distal attachments, as well as the variable course of the MCN relative to the CRM. What is known about this subject "and" What this study adds to existing knowledge Not much is known about the variability of coracobrachialis muscle. The present paper introduces a completely new classification, both clinical and anatomical.

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“…All dissections of the shoulder and arm areas followed a preestablished protocol [1,6,[9][10][11][12]. Upper limbs with visible signs of possible surgical intervention were not included in the group of limbs examined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Subscapularis Muscle: A Proposed Classification System

Zielinska

Tubbs

Borowski

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Background. On the basis of the available literature, we proposed the hypothesis that the number of muscle bellies is morphologically constant. The main purpose of this study was to examine the morphological variability of the SM and to create a new classification of it based on number of muscle bellies. Methods. Sixty-six adult cadavers of Central European population (45 females, 21 males) were obtained and fixed in 10% formalin before examination. Results. The SM was found in all 66 specimens (45 females, 21 males, 31 left and 35 right sides). After meticulous dissection, we distinguished nine types on the basis of number of bellies. Type I was characterized by single belly and occurred in 1.5%. Type II had a double belly and was present in 3%. Type III, the most common type, occurring in almost 32% of the studied population, had three bellies. The frequency of type IV, characterized by four bellies, was also high, just over 30%. The following types were less frequent: type V with five bellies (18.2%), type VI with six bellies (7.6%), type VII with seven bellies (3%), type VIII with eight bellies (1.5%), and type IX with nine bellies (3%). All of the types had origin on the anterior surface of the scapula. Conclusions. The SM is morphologically variable in the number of its bellies. Evolutionary changes are probably the reason. The most common type was the SM with three bellies, in line with Larson’s model of the division of the SM into three parts. Subsequent studies should be carried out based on MRI or ultrasonography examination to confirm if it is possible to show all types (presented in this study) among group of patients during MRI.

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‘Superior biceps aponeurosis’—Morphological characteristics of the origin of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Potential compression of the musculocutaneous, median and ulnar nerves by a very rare variant of the coracobrachialis longus muscle

Potential compression of the musculocutaneous, median and ulnar nerves by a very rare variant of the coracobrachialis longus muscle

A proposal for a new classification of coracobrachialis muscle morphology

The Subscapularis Muscle: A Proposed Classification System

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