Superior catalytic performance of Ce_1−xBi_xO_2−δsolid solution and Au/Ce_1−xBi_xO_2−δfor 5-hydroxymethylfurfural conversion in alkaline aqueous solution

Abstract

Ce1−xBixO2−δand Au/Ce1−xBixO2−δexhibited superior catalytic performance towards 5-hydroxymethylfurfural conversion.

Selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural over non-precious metal heterogeneous catalysts

“…In addition, the presence of a base is crucial in order to facilitate the desorption of the resulted acid from the catalytic surface. However, the presence of the base can lead to a gradual degradation of HMF [32,[42][43][44]. Other reports claim a high selectivity to FDCA without the addition of any base, [45,46] when TBHP is used as oxidizing agent and CuCl 2 as catalyst (selectivity of 48% after 48 h [46]).…”

Aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) effectively catalyzed by a Ce0.8Bi0.2O2−δ supported Pt catalyst at room temperature

“…22 Pt was loaded onto Ce 1Àx Bi x O 2Àd via the sol-impregnation method. 22 Pt was loaded onto Ce 1Àx Bi x O 2Àd via the sol-impregnation method.…”

“…8,9 In most catalytic systems, the aldehyde side chain of HMF was easily oxidized and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HFCA) was obtained at the initial reaction stage. 22 Despite the Bi-doped ceria which existed alone was inactive towards catalyzing the conversion of the alcohol group in HMF, the oxygen activation and hydride transfer were enhanced by the presence of the large amount of oxygen vacancies and the specic Bi during the catalytic cycle. [9][10][11][12] The oxidation of alcohols is also a pivotal reaction in organic chemistry, affording versatile carbonyl compounds.…”

“…8 Though the activity of the Au catalysts was much higher than that of the Pt catalysts, the Pt catalysts showed better selectivity to FDCA. 9,22 In this work, Pt NPs were combined with the Ce 1Àx Bi x O 2Àd support for catalyzing HMF oxidation to FDCA. However, the major product with the Au catalysts was HFCA.…”

Advances in Base-Free Oxidation of Bio-Based Compounds on Supported Gold Catalysts

“…The basic medium provides higher reaction rates and, in the majority of cases, is essential to get a high catalytic activity. However, the basic medium also favors HMF degradation and requires a final neutralization step, which is not desirable from the environmental and Au-based catalysts have been reported to perform this reaction in water and in the presence of an excess of base with high yields of FDCA [56][57][58][59][60][61]. Au-containing bimetallic catalysts were developed in order to improve the catalytic performance, but required the use of a homogenous base [33,58,[62][63][64][65][66][67].…”