Superior hygrothermal resistance and interfacial adhesion by ternary thermoplastic polymer blend matrix for carbon fiber composite

Hirai, Takayuki; Amano, Kumi; Onochi, Yusaku; Inoue, Yasuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106338

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although such a concept has been previously examined, interfacial delamination remains a crucial problem. Most polymers are immiscible, − and thus, the interfacial adhesion between heterogeneous polymers is expected to be poor. Ye et al proposed a 3D object comprising hard and soft polymers, prepared using an FDM-type 3D printer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Collision Energy Absorber via Graded Stacking of Hard and Soft Material Layers

Hirai,

Oyama,

Sasagawa

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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An energy absorber exhibiting progressive failure and efficient energy absorption, named dual-material energy absorbers (DME), was developed via a graded stacking of hard and soft material layers. Polyamide 6 (PA6) and elastomermodified PA6 were, respectively, used as hard and soft materials to prevent delamination between the hard and soft material layers. The filaments for an FDM-type 3D printer were fabricated by using a twin extruder. DMEs were fabricated by alternately extruding hard and soft materials by using a FDM-type 3D printer with two nozzles. The interface between the hard and soft materials in the DME exhibited good adhesion, owing to the miscibility of the PA6 molecular chain in both materials. Static compression testing revealed that the DME exhibited progressive deformation, and the absorption energy of the DME was twice as high energy as those of monomaterial structures. The deformation behavior under impact loading was confirmed via a drop-weight impact test.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Collision Energy Absorber via Graded Stacking of Hard and Soft Material Layers

Hirai,

Oyama,

Sasagawa

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Herein, we propose a novel thermoresponsive polymer blend composed of a phase-changing polymer and smart roof, which absorbs sunlight at low temperatures and reflects it at high temperatures (Figure a). Polymer blends are important engineering materials because they can be produced via melt-blending, which is a scalable and inexpensive process. − We investigated a ternary blend including both miscible and immiscible polymer blend systems. The immiscible component of the phase-changing polymer comprises an isolated phase, and the transparency switching of the ternary blend is achieved by its phase transition between the crystalline and molten states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Thermochromic Composite Based on a Ternary Polymer Blend for Temperature-Adaptive Solar Heat Management

Hirai

Kugimoto

Oyama

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A scalable and durable thermochromic composite is developed for temperature-adaptive solar heat management using a carbon absorber and a thermoresponsive polymer blend consisting of an isolated polycaprolactone phase (PCL) and a continuous phase of miscible poly(methyl methacrylate) and polyvinylidene fluoride. The ternary blend exhibits reversible haze transition originating from the melting and crystallization of PCL. The refractive index matching between the molten PCL and surrounding miscible blend contributes to high-contrast haze switching in the range of 14–91% across the melting temperature of PCL (ca. 55 °C). The solar-absorption-switching properties of the composite are due to the spontaneous light-scattering switching in the polymer blend and the presence of a small amount of carbon black. Spectral measurements indicate that the solar reflectance of the composite sheet varies by 20% between 20 and 60 °C upon lamination with a Ag mirror. Solar heat management using the thermochromic composite is successfully demonstrated under natural sunlight, thereby realizing a temperature-adaptive thermal management system.

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“…Unfortunately, thermosets typically take more than 5 min to cure and resulting products are impossible to recycle (convert into other products) by remelting, limiting their suitability for mass production. In contrast, thermoplastics are promising polymer matrices for transparent composites because they can be produced by injection molding within 1 min and resulting products can be remolded into other objects by remelting 19–22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, thermoplastics are promising polymer matrices for transparent composites because they can be produced by injection molding within 1 min and resulting products can be remolded into other objects by remelting. [19][20][21][22] A refractive index-adjustable thermoplastic matrix can be prepared using a polymer blend and a simple, melt-mixing process; its optical properties are tailored by adjusting its composition. In polymer-blend composites, transparency is reduced by phase separation, crystallization, and the mismatch of the refractive indices of the fibers (fillers) and matrices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Strong, transparent composites based on glass‐fiber textile and a polycarbonate–polycaprolactone blend with matching refractive indices

Hirai

Muraoka

Okamoto

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Composites are being researched as lightweight, thermal‐insulating alternatives to glass; however, composite materials are generally opaque. In this study, a transparent composite is developed based on E‐glass fiber and a polymer blend by matching their refractive indices. To avoid the opacity caused by phase separation, a polymer blend featuring highly miscible polycarbonate (PC) and polycaprolactone (PCL) is used as the matrix of the composite. The refractive indices of PC and PCL are higher and lower, respectively, than that of E‐glass fiber; thus, the refractive index of a PC–PCL blend can be matched with that of E‐glass fiber by optimizing its composition (PC:PCL weight ratio). Moreover, the crystallization of PCL in a PC–PCL blend is inhibited by the incorporation of sufficient PC, eliminating the light scattering associated with crystalline PCL. The transparency of the proposed composite based on E‐glass fiber and a PC–PCL blend is optimal at a PC:PCL weight ratio of 65:35. Furthermore, the impregnation of a glass‐fiber textile with a PC–PCL blend with a PC:PCL weight ratio of 65:35 under evacuated conditions produces a strong, transparent composite with tensile and impact strengths that exceed those of PC and a corresponding short glass fiber–reinforced composite.

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Superior hygrothermal resistance and interfacial adhesion by ternary thermoplastic polymer blend matrix for carbon fiber composite

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

3D-Printed Collision Energy Absorber via Graded Stacking of Hard and Soft Material Layers

3D-Printed Collision Energy Absorber via Graded Stacking of Hard and Soft Material Layers

Scalable Thermochromic Composite Based on a Ternary Polymer Blend for Temperature-Adaptive Solar Heat Management

Strong, transparent composites based on glass‐fiber textile and a polycarbonate–polycaprolactone blend with matching refractive indices

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