Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and α-Tocopherol Content of Stored Potato Tubers

Spychalla, James P.; Desborough, Sharon

doi:10.1104/pp.94.3.1214

Cited by 183 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…CAT activity decreased first until APx activity tended to decrease and then increased slowly to basal levels during the storage at 1 and 5~ Spychalla and Desborough (20) reported the same results in CAT activity when potato tubers were stored at low temperatures of 3 or 9~…”

Section: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Internationalsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The following procedures were the same as for DHA SOD activity was determined essentially as described by Spychalla and Desborough (20).…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spychalla and Desborough (20) demonstrated that the possibility of a relationship between increases in antioxidants, such as SOD, CAT, and ~-tocopherol, and the increased rate of activated oxygen production in potato tubers. However, little has been reported on the effects of low temperature storage of potato tubers in regards to AsA decrease through APx against activated oxygen production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase cooperate for protection against hydrogen peroxide generated in potato tubers during low‐temperature storage

1998

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SUMMARY:We investigated the behavior of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APx), in potato tubers during storage at low temperature.SOD activity increased temporarily within 3 weeks and was higher at I~ than at 20~APx activity also increased more at low (I~ than at higher temperatures (5 and 20~The contents of ascorbic acid (AsA), which is the substrate of APx, decreased immediately within 3 weeks and then gradually decreased until 15 weeks.The activity of CAT, the other enzyme which can scavenge hydrogen peroxide, decreased once in the first six weeks and thereafter increased to 15 weeks.Thus, the enhancement of the active oxygenscavenging system that was induced by low temperature in potato tubers could result not only in a decrease of AsA but also in combined increases in APx and CAT activity whose manners were different.

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Section: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Internationalsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The following procedures were the same as for DHA SOD activity was determined essentially as described by Spychalla and Desborough (20).…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase cooperate for protection against hydrogen peroxide generated in potato tubers during low‐temperature storage

1998

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“…In this context, aT content could be considered a potential indicator of oxidative stress in plants. Increases in aT content with aging have been reported in potato tubers (Spychalla and Desborough, 1990), spruce needles (Franzen et al, 1991b), and leaves and needles of beech and fir (Kunert and Ederer, 1985), among others. The data presented here indicate that the aT content of isolated soybean embryonic axes increased in dried axes not only as storage progressed (3-fold increase after 48 months) but upon imbibition as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Affects [alpha]- Tocopherol Content in Soybean Embryonic Axes upon Imbibition and following Germination

et al. 1993

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The set of intracellular or extracellular conditions that leads to an increase in the steady-state concentration of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H202), hydroxyl radical (. OH), singlet oxygen ('O2), lipid hydroperoxides, or related species is termed oxidative stress (Chance et al., 1979). Physiologically, metabolic activity in conjunction with the structural organization of the cell is able to minimize adverse effects of oxidative stress. Susceptibility to oxidative stress is a function of the overall balance between the factors that increase oxidant generation and those substances that exhibit antioxidant capability.Tocopherols (with vitamin E activity) are critica1 antioxidants in eukaryotic organisms, ubiquitous in higher plants, and essential nutrients for animals (Tramontano et al., 1992). However, little is known about the endogenous content in plant tissues. aT (5,7,8-trimethyltocol) is the predominant tocopherol in vegetative tissue (Newton and Pennock, 1971; Hardy et al., 1991). Early studies in which two-dimensional chromatography was used showed that aT was predominant in young maize, wheat, barley, and peas and that other tocopherols appeared as the plant aged (Tramontano et al.,Supported by the Intemational Foundation for Science (Sweden), FundaciÓn Antorchas, and the University of Buenos Aires. S.P. and C.G.F. are Career Investigators from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Ia República Argentina.* Corresponding author; fax 54-1-962-5341. 949 1992). It was reported that aT concentration increases with age in spruce seedlings (Franzen et al., 1991a(Franzen et al., , 1991b and in leaves of soybean and pinto beans (Tramontano et al., 1992).The content of flavonoids, which can also act as antioxidants (Fraga et al., 1987), increased in mesophyll cells of Vicia fuba incubated in the presence of methyl viologen (paraquat) (Takahama, 1989) Takahama et al., 1989) in the dark. It has been suggested that an increase in the steady-state concentrations of 02-and/or H202 in the cells is accompanied by increases in the leve1 of flavonoids, presumably due to the induction of their synthesis (Takahama et al., 1989).or H 2 0 2 (To study whether oxidative stress was able to affect antioxidant defenses, aT content was measured at the onset of germination of soybean embryonic axes. The effect of paraquat imbibition, increase in Fe concentration in the incubation medium, and aging were analyzed in terms of oxidative stress, assessed by a fluorescence technique (Bass et al., 1983; Szejda et al., 1984; Scott et al., 1988; LeBel et al., 1990) and aT content. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant MaterialSoybean seeds (Glycine mux var Hood) were incubated for 2 to 48 h in the dark at 26OC over water-saturated filter paper. The composition of 1 L of the modified Steinberg nutrient solution (Tiffin, 1966) was: 51 mg of Ca, 6.6 mg of Mg, 59 mg of N, 3 mg of P, 44 mg of K, 5 mg of S, 0.13 mg of Mn, 0.07 mg of B, 0.04 mg of Zn, 0.01 mg of Cu, 0.01 mg of ...

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“…Total SOD activity was measured in leaves, crowns, and roots of 10 to 16 plants, established from cuttings of each genotype (control or transgenic), using the Cyt c reduction method (Spychalla and Desborough, 1990). Protein was determined using the method of Bradford (1976).…”

Section: Materials a N D M E T H O D Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Deficit Tolerance and Field Performance of Transgenic Alfalfa Overexpressing Superoxide Dismutase

et al. 1996

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Transgenic alfalfa (Medicago safiva) expressing Mn-superoxide dismutase cDNA tended to have reduced injury from water-deficit stress as determined by chlorophyll fluorescence, electrolyte leakage, and regrowth from crowns. A 3-year field trial indicated that yield and survival of transgenic plants were significantly improved, supporting the hypothesis that tolerance of oxidative stress is important in adaptation to field environments.Many of the degenerative reactions associated with severa1 biotic, abiotic, and xenobiotic stresses are mediated by toxic, reactive oxygen intermediates formed from superoxide, such as the hydroxyl radical (Scandalios, 1993; Allen, 1995). These stresses include the herbicide paraquat (Bowler et al., 1991;Herouart et al., 1993), ozone (Van Camp et al., 1994), anoxia (Monk et al., 1989), pathogens (Mehdy, 1994), desiccation (Senaratna et al., 1985a(Senaratna et al., , 1985b, and freezing (Kendall and McKersie, 1989;McKersie et al., 1993). The mechanisms to detoxify oxygen radicals are varied, and the complex interactions among the antioxidants in different subcellular compartments, cells, and tissues are only now being elucidated. SOD is an essential component of these defense mechanisms because it dismutates two superoxide radicals to produce hydrogen peroxide and oxygen (Scandalios, 1993; Allen, 1995). The observation that water deficiency caused the chloroplasts of wheat (Trificum aestivum L.) to reduce oxygen to superoxide because of a drought-impaired electron transport system (Price et al., 1989) prompted us to hypothesize that plants overexpressing SOD might have improved tolerance of water deficit. Previously, an Mn-SOD cDNA from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia was introduced into alfalfa; the primary transformants and their F, transgenic progeny showed increased survival and vigor after exposure to sublethal freezing stress . We now report the results of two further experiments with these transgenic plants, indicating that manipulation of genes associated with oxidative stress tolerance can also improve survival and vigor after exposure to water deficit in controlled environments and over three winters in natural field environments. These preliminary studies indicate that a rigorous analysis of the oxidative stress response will aid in the genetic improvement of environmental stress tolerante in crop plants.

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Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and α-Tocopherol Content of Stored Potato Tubers

Cited by 183 publications

References 27 publications

Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase cooperate for protection against hydrogen peroxide generated in potato tubers during low‐temperature storage

Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase cooperate for protection against hydrogen peroxide generated in potato tubers during low‐temperature storage

Oxidative Stress Affects [alpha]- Tocopherol Content in Soybean Embryonic Axes upon Imbibition and following Germination

Water-Deficit Tolerance and Field Performance of Transgenic Alfalfa Overexpressing Superoxide Dismutase

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