Superoxide dismutase evolution and life span regulation

Landis, Gary N.; Tower, John

doi:10.1016/j.mad.2004.08.012

Cited by 404 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Although mth mutants outlive parental control flies by of 35 % to 45 %, their flight abilities fail on the same schedule or earlier than that of controls. This is surprising because the mth gene is speculated to be involved in regulation of Drosophila's antioxidant defense system (Lin et al 1998) which mitigates the cumulative oxidative damage to DNA and cell structure that leads to eventual systemic failure during the normal aging process (Harman 1995(Harman , 2003Barja 2004;Bokov et al 2004;Landis and Tower 2005). Oxidative stress results from the presence of oxygen radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS; e.g., hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 ) which are byproducts of oxygen consumption by all aerobic organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved functional abilities of the life-extended Drosophila mutant Methuselah are reversed at old age to below control levels

Petrosyan

Gonçalves

Hsieh

et al. 2013

AGE

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Methuselah (mth) is a chromosome 3 Drosophila mutant with an increased lifespan. A large number of studies have investigated the genetic, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms of the mth gene. Much less is known about the effects of mth on preservation of sensorimotor abilities throughout Drosophila's lifespan, particularly in late life. The current study investigated functional senescence in mth and its parental-control line (w1118) in two experiments that measured age-dependent changes in flight functions and locomotor activity. In experiment 1, a total of 158 flies (81 mth and 77 controls) with an age range from 10 to 70 days were individually tethered under an infrared laser-sensor system that allowed monitoring of flight duration during phototaxic flight. We found that mth has a statistically significant advantage in maintaining continuous flight over control flies at age 10 days, but not during middle and late life. At age 70 days, the trend reversed and parental control flies had a small but significant advantage, suggesting an interaction between age and genotype in the ability to sustain flight. In experiment 2, a total of 173 different flies (97 mth and 76 controls) with an age range from 50 to 76 days were individually placed in a large well-lit arena (60×45 cm) and their locomotor activity quantified as the distance walked in a 1-min period. Results showed that mth flies had lower levels of locomotor activity relative to controls at ages 50 and 60 days. These levels converged for the two genotypes at the oldest ages tested. Findings show markedly different patterns of functional decline for the mth line relative to those previously reported for other life-extended genotypes, suggesting that different life-extending genes have dissimilar effects on preservation of sensory and motor abilities throughout an organism's lifespan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved functional abilities of the life-extended Drosophila mutant Methuselah are reversed at old age to below control levels

Petrosyan

Gonçalves

Hsieh

et al. 2013

AGE

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“…SOD1 is well known to a predominant radical scavenger in higher organisms [31][99] and its induction extends lifespan in flies [22] [24].…”

Section: Faster Sod1 Evolution Correlates With Slower General Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a dimeric protein with a Cu and a Zn metal ion essential for its catalytic function [19]; its structure is dominated by the β-sheet Greek-Key fold of each dimer, which evolved from gene duplication events [21]. SOD1 prolongs life by its effects on oxidative stress and metabolism [22][23][24]. Mutations in SOD1 are risk factors of early-onset familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [25][26][27][28][29], which is characterized by age-triggered motor neuron degeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction [30], and SOD1 is a relevant cancer target [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generation time can affect mutation rates since the impact of incident mutations during DNA replication in germ cells is reduced in real time in long-living animals, assuming the same level of DNA repair competency [81] [95]. 22 Also, the mass-specific metabolic rate of monkeys is double that of great apes [81]. The specific metabolic rate scales with a power law of the animal mass with exponent between 2/3 and 3/4 [96][97], and evolutionary rates and body mass correlate [81]; these effects correlate with generation time [81].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Superoxide dismutase 1 is positively selected to minimize protein aggregation in great apes

Dasmeh

Kepp

2017

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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“…Prior to 2004, most investigations took the approach of altering cellular antioxidant capacity and examining the effects on aging-related phenotypes. This approach produced positive results, suggesting that damage from free radicals play some role in aging (Landis & Tower, 2005). A current version of this theory is the 'oxidative stress theory' of aging.…”

Section: The Oxidative Stress Theory Of Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress, mitochondria and mtDNA-mutator mice

Thompson¹

2006

Experimental Gerontology

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The oxidative stress theory of aging, an expansion of the mitochondrial theory of aging, is based around the idea of a vicious cycle, in which somatic mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) provoke respiratory chain dysfunction leading to enhanced ROS production and in turn to the accumulation of further mtDNA mutations. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mtDNA mutations are amplified during the course of aging. Recently, results obtained from mtDNA-mutator mice further strengthen the role of mitochondria in the aging process. However, lack of increased oxidative stress in the mtDNA-mutator mice raises doubts in the direct connection of mtDNA mutations with increased ROS production, challenging the oxidative stress theory of aging. The purpose of this short review is to highlight several studies that provide direct evidence that accelerated aging is linked to mtDNA mutations, without an increase in oxidative damage. The Oxidative Stress Theory of AgingThe 'free radical theory' of aging, formulated 50 years ago by Harman, proposes that aging and associated degenerative diseases can be attributed to deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (Harman, 1956). This hypothesis has been extensively investigated and debated, but has not yet been clearly validated. Prior to 2004, most investigations took the approach of altering cellular antioxidant capacity and examining the effects on aging-related phenotypes. This approach produced positive results, suggesting that damage from free radicals play some role in aging (Landis & Tower, 2005). A current version of this theory is the 'oxidative stress theory' of aging. The 'oxidative stress theory' states that "A chronic state of oxidative stress exists in cells of aerobic organisms even under normal physiological conditions because of an imbalance of proxidants and antioxidants. This imbalance results in a steady-state accumulation of oxidative damage in a variety of macromolecules. Oxidative damage increases during aging, which results in a progressive loss in the functional efficiency of various cellular processes." (Sohal & Weindruch, 1996) Although reactive oxygen species production is a significant component of the proposed 'oxidative stress theory', this theory is consistent with and expands the 'mitochondrial theory' of aging. The main tenet of the 'mitochondrial theory' predicts that a 'vicious cycle' within the mitochondria contributes to the aging process. Briefly, components of the vicious cycle are: (1) normal metabolism causes reactive oxygen species production by the electron transport chain; (2) reactive oxygen species production induces damage to phospholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in mitochondria; (3) reactive oxygen species-induced mitochondrial DNA Contact information: LaDora V. Thompson,

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Superoxide dismutase evolution and life span regulation

Cited by 404 publications

References 133 publications

Improved functional abilities of the life-extended Drosophila mutant Methuselah are reversed at old age to below control levels

Improved functional abilities of the life-extended Drosophila mutant Methuselah are reversed at old age to below control levels

Superoxide dismutase 1 is positively selected to minimize protein aggregation in great apes

Oxidative stress, mitochondria and mtDNA-mutator mice

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