Superoxide dismutases: Ancient enzymes and new insights

Miller, Anne‐Frances

doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2011.10.048

Cited by 473 publications

(392 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(210 reference statements)

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“…The separated SOD isoforms can be identified as I: MnSOD, II: Cu/ZnSOD, III: FeSOD and IV: Cu/ZnSOD [48][49][50]. As, in contrast to the MnSOD that is present in peroxisomes, mitochondria and cell wall [51], the activities of chloroplast Cu/ZnSOD isoforms (II and IV) did not increase during the experiment, their role in Cd stress alleviation may be less important in poplar. Fluctuations in the activity of the isoform III, identified as FeSOD, might be a result of the re-distribution of the intracellular Fe content.…”

Section: Antioxidative Defencementioning

confidence: 91%

Stress hardening under long-term cadmium treatment is correlated with the activation of antioxidative defence and iron acquisition of chloroplasts in Populus

Solti

Sárvári

Szöllősi

et al. 2016

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal affects growth and metabolic pathways in plants, including photosynthesis. Though Cd is a transition metal with no redox capacity, it generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) indirectly and causes oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in long-term Cd tolerance of poplar, candidate for Cd phytoremediation, are not well known. Hydroponically cultured poplar (Populus jacquemontiana var. glauca cv. 'Kopeczkii') plants were treated with 10 μM Cd for 4 weeks. Following a period of functional decline, the plants performed acclimation to the Cd induced oxidative stress as indicated by the decreased leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the recovery of most photosynthetic parameters. The increased activity of peroxidases (PODs) could have a great impact on the elimination of hydrogen peroxide, and thus the recovery of photosynthesis, while the function of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms seemed to be less important. Re-distribution of the iron content of leaf mesophyll cells into the chloroplasts contributed to the biosynthesis of the photosynthetic apparatus and some antioxidative enzymes. The delayed increase in photosynthetic activity in relation to the decline in the level of lipid peroxidation indicates that elimination of oxidative stress damage by acclimation mechanisms is required for the restoration of the photosynthetic apparatus during long-term Cd treatment.

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Section: Antioxidative Defencementioning

confidence: 91%

Stress hardening under long-term cadmium treatment is correlated with the activation of antioxidative defence and iron acquisition of chloroplasts in Populus

Solti

Sárvári

Szöllősi

et al. 2016

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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“…SOD is an essential enzyme in a network of biological antioxidants that is endogenously induced in order to eliminate superoxide radicals by conversion to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen (Barik et al 2005). Among the isoforms of SOD, CuZn-SOD with copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in its catalytic center is localized to the intracellular cytoplasmic compartments, whereas Mn-SOD is primarily found as an important antioxidant enzyme in mitochondria (Miller 2012). MDA is the final product of lipid peroxidation mediated by free radicals (Nair et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin-supplemented diets increase superoxide dismutase activity and mean lifespan in Drosophila

Shen

Xiao

Yuan

et al. 2012

AGE

119

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Curcumin is a polyphenolic bioactive compound in turmeric. We examined if antioxidant effects of curcumin are associated with lifespan extension in Drosophila. In this experiment, females and males of Drosophila were fed diets either containing no curcumin (C0) or supplemented with curcumin at 0.5 (C1) and 1.0 (C2) mg/g of diet. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase AGE (2013) (SOD), and expression of seven age-related genes in females and males were analyzed. We found that C1 and C2 increased mean lifespan by 6.2 % and 25.8 % in females, and by 15.5 % and 12.6 % in males, respectively. Meanwhile, C1 and C2 significantly decreased MDA levels and increased SOD activity in both genders. Diets C1 in females and C2 in males are effective in extending mean lifespan and improving levels of two physiological and biochemical measures related to aging in Drosophila. Lifespan extension of curcumin in Drosophila was associated with the up-regulation of Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD genes, and the downregulation of dInR, ATTD, Def, CecB, and DptB genes. The present results suggest that curcumin increases mean lifespan of Drosophila via regulating gene expression of the key enzyme SOD and reducing accumulation of MDA and lipid peroxidation. This study provided new insights for understanding the anti-aging mechanism of curcumin in Drosophila.

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“…(12,18). É importante destacar que, em um contexto celular, o cofator usado pela enzima não necessariamente é aquele que contribui para maior atividade enzimática e sim aquele que condiz com as necessidades da célula.…”

Section: Metais De Transição Em Sistemas Biológicosunclassified

“…A quantidade de estrelas indica a estrutura quaternária das enzimas, sendo duas para dímeros e quatro para tetrâmeros. Adaptado de (12,42) Apesar de possuírem estruturas e cofatores distintos, todas as classes de superóxido dismutases são capazes de converter duas moléculas de superóxido em oxigênio molecular e peróxido de hidrogênio consumindo dois prótons por meio de reações de oxidação e redução cíclicas que envolvem o átomo metálico (49):…”

Section: Superóxido Dismutasesunclassified

Identificação dos determinantes estruturais de Fe/MnSODs necessários a especificidade por metal.

Fontolan¹

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Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that convert the superoxide anion in molecular oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The metal in the catalytic center of such enzymes is directly related to their catalysis mechanisms and tridimensional structures. Evolutionarily, FeSOD and MnSOD may have evolved from a common ancestor, because both proteins have homologous primary sequences and superposable crystallographic structures. However, at the catalytic level, both proteins diverged sufficiently to prevent interchange of their metallic centers, which would generate non-functional enzymes, indicating that these proteins have high metal specificity. The objective of this research project is to identify structural determinants of Fe/MnSODs necessary to metal specificity. We intend to use statistical coupling analysis (SCA) to select amino acid residues for site-directed mutagenesis in TrMnSOD e TbFeSODB2. Mutant genes will be constructed and their proteins expressed, purified and crystallized. The tridimensional structure of such mutants will be solved by X-ray crystallography and their enzymatic activities determined, as well as their electron paramagnetic resonance spectra. We hypothesize that SCA is useful to identify amino acid candidates for site-directed mutagenesis to design new SODs with intermediated Fe/Mn specificity, and even metal specificity interconversion, by studying the evolutionary history of these proteins.

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Superoxide dismutases: Ancient enzymes and new insights

Cited by 473 publications

References 104 publications

Stress hardening under long-term cadmium treatment is correlated with the activation of antioxidative defence and iron acquisition of chloroplasts in Populus

Stress hardening under long-term cadmium treatment is correlated with the activation of antioxidative defence and iron acquisition of chloroplasts in Populus

Curcumin-supplemented diets increase superoxide dismutase activity and mean lifespan in Drosophila

Identificação dos determinantes estruturais de Fe/MnSODs necessários a especificidade por metal.

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