Supersonic flow of a vibrationally relaxing gas past a circular cone

Kao, James C.; Hodgson, J. P.

doi:10.1017/s0022112078000774

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…So far, we have completed three investigations all dealing with the type of flow which leads to an ultimate shock wave which can be described by the steady-state approach discussed in 93. These are: the flow due to an impulsively started piston (Dain and Hodgson 197.5), the steady two-dimensional flow past a thin wedge (Hornby and Johannesen 1975), and the steady flow past a cone (Kao and Hodgson 1978). Work in progress includes the single finite pulse due to a piston and the N wave.…”

Section: Numerical Calculations Using the Methods Of Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physics of weak waves in gases

Johannesen

Hodgson

1979

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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The properties of air at meteorological temperatures relevant to sound propagation and shock wave structure are reviewed. Of particular interest is the irreversible process of vibrational relaxation which describes the transfer of energy to or from the vibrational modes of the molecules and which dominates the absorption of audible sound in air. A detailed discussion of the structure and propagation of weak nonlinear waves in air shows that relaxation is again the dominant effect. As an alternative method to the usual approach of non-linear acoustics the exact gas-dynamic equations are solved numerically for a number of simple flow situations and exact results are obtained for the structure of steady waves. Estimates are obtained for the propagation distances required for the development of waveforms into steady profiles, and these distances are found under some circumstances to be greater than the dimensions of the Earth's atmosphere. The results are confirmed by laboratory experiments in CO2 and N2O and applied to waves in air with special reference to the sonic bangs of supersonic aircraft. Very recent results of applying the same alternative approach to periodic waves are reviewed briefly,

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Section: Numerical Calculations Using the Methods Of Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physics of weak waves in gases

Johannesen

Hodgson

1979

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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“…Results indicated a considerable dispersion of the shock by the fog. Meanwhile, analytical methods incorporating characteristics networks were developed for the calculation of flows possessing vibrational relaxation regions (199)(200)(201)(202) (Fig. 20), the first of these by Kosh Mohammad (199) having been supervised by Ian Hall.…”

Section: The Department Of the Mechanics Of Fluids And Its Successorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Victoria University of Manchester’s contributions to the development of aeronautics

Ackroyd

2007

Aeronaut. j.

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This issue of the Aeronautical Journal celebrates the 50th anniversary of the foundation of the Honours Degree Course in Aeronautical Engineering at the Victoria University of Manchester. The following article therefore describes the aeronautical research and teaching activities of that university up to its recent amalgamation with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form the present-day University of Manchester. This juncture provides a further justification for recording the Victoria University’s achievements.Both the Victoria University and UMIST had their roots in the nineteenth century although, apart from the relatively brief period of the First World War, neither of them was particularly involved in aeronautics until after the Second World War. However, as Sections 6.0-10.0 seek to demonstrate, thereafter the Victoria University’s involvement became considerable. The preceding Sections describe the origins of the Victoria University and UMIST and, in the case of the former institution, the subsequent activities of its staff and graduates in engineering and mathematics which, although not always specifically aeronautical in content, nonetheless had a profound influence on the development of the aeronautical sciences.

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“…The translational and rotational modes are assumed to move through equilibrium states and the only dissipative mechanism outside shock waves is the non-equilibrium production of entropy due to the lag in the vibrational mode. Hornby & Johannesen (1975) and Kao & Hodgson (1978) considered steady wedge and cone flows, respectively, while Dain & Hodgson (1 975) treated the unsteady flow due to an impulsively started piston. The numerical calculations were carried out for a pure gas with large vibrational specific heat, but Hodgson & Johannesen (1 976) demonstrated that the calculations could be used to obtain tentative results relevant to air which has two vibrational modes, both with very small vibrational specific heats at meteorological temperatures, but with vastly different, strongly humidity-dependent, relaxation times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of the nonlinear propagation of plane periodic waves in a relaxing gas

Southern

Johannesen

1980

J. Fluid Mech.

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The waves propagating from an oscillating plane piston into a vibrationally relaxing gas are calculated by an exact numerical method ignoring viscosity and heat conduction. Secondary effects due to the starting of the piston from rest and to acoustic streaming can be eliminated from the calculated flows, leaving a truly periodic progressive wave which can be analysed and compared with approximate solutions. It is found that for moderate amplitude waves nonlinearity is only important as a convective effect which produces higher harmonics, whereas dissipation is adequately described by linear theory.

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Supersonic flow of a vibrationally relaxing gas past a circular cone

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

The physics of weak waves in gases

The physics of weak waves in gases

The Victoria University of Manchester’s contributions to the development of aeronautics

Numerical analysis of the nonlinear propagation of plane periodic waves in a relaxing gas

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