Superstructured Assembly of Nanocarbons: Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Graphene

Li, Zheng; Liu, Zheng; Sun, Haiyan; Gao, Chao

doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00102

Cited by 476 publications

(312 citation statements)

References 715 publications

(1,457 reference statements)

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“…However, the unexpected photonic crystallinity complicates the phase identification of the GO dispersion; 1D photonic crystallinity is usually attributed to lamellar mesophasic ordering. 43 Several additional results have been reported to support the lamellar mesophasic property of the GO dispersion, such as the periodic patterns with pitches of tens of micrometers in the freeze-dried sample 38,44 and small angle X-ray scattering peaks sharper than those in usual small-molecular nematic phases. 30,38,45 However, freeze-dried samples usually lose the original GO assembly structure in a wet colloid and are restructured during freezing; 36,37 small angle X-ray scattering peaks in colloidal nematic phases are commonly sharper than those of small-molecular nematic phases owing to weaker thermal fluctuation, and the types of patterns are commonly interpreted as characteristic patterns of the nematic phase rather than the lamellar phase in clay suspensions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bottom-up and top-down manipulations for multi-order photonic crystallinity in a graphene-oxide colloid

2016

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The recent discovery of structural coloration in aqueous graphene-oxide (GO) dispersions has increased the applicability of carbon-based two-dimensional materials. However, the origin of the photonic band-gap is still poorly understood, and its practical manipulation is still in an early developmental stage. Here, we demonstrate full-color reflection with first-and secondorder Bragg reflections in a GO dispersion, and we use two fundamental approaches to manipulate GO photonic crystals, namely, bottom-up and top-down manipulation by controlling the Debye length and using shear or surface fields, respectively. Nanoscopic tailoring of the electrostatic effective thickness and macroscopic smoothing of the curvature of the GO sheet result in similar modifications of the quality and pitch of the photonic crystallinity. Direct observation of the GO particle alignments reveals excellent electrostatic layer-to-layer packing assembly and rather poor in-layer assembly. These results elucidate the mechanism that governs the nematic nature of GO (rather than its lamellar mesophase) and the origin of its photonic crystalline periodicity and provide new methodologies for exploiting these attractive features in actual applications. INTRODUCTIONGraphene oxide (GO) flakes, that is, 1-nm-thick disk-like particles, can be well-dispersed in water to form a stable colloid with spontaneous nematic assembly and non-linear anisotropic rheology. [1][2][3] Nematic GO dispersions subjected to illumination typically exhibit a collective reflection of a brownish color from many GO particles, owing to the intrinsic absorption band of GO. 4 However, color reflection throughout the entire visible spectrum was recently obtained from photonic crystals in a well-prepared nematic GO dispersion. 5 Structural coloration has also been demonstrated in other colloidal systems such as in the swollen lamellar mesophase of plate-like particles with or without a supporting polymer network or surfactants, 6-8 the columnar phase of regularly sized plate-like particles [8][9][10] and the steric packing assembly of silica or polymer spheres or cubes. 11-13 Nonetheless, color reflection in the GO dispersion is quite unexpected, considering that GO particles are highly polydisperse, irregularly shaped, curved in solution, 14,15 and two orders of magnitude thinner than the photonic band-gap. From a practical point of view, photonic crystals potentially allow the use of GO in various optical applications, as long as an easy method is provided for manipulation. 16 Finding ways to manipulate the reflection color and to achieve large-scale uniformity are, therefore, highly desirable for practical advances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bottom-up and top-down manipulations for multi-order photonic crystallinity in a graphene-oxide colloid

2016

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“…[28,49,50] Gao et al systemically summarized the state-of-the-art progress in fabrication and application of CNT and graphene-based 3D aerogels/hydrogels. [51] Mattevi et al also reviewed recent progress in mesoscale design of multifunctional 3D graphene networks. [52] Thus far, the macroscopic fabrications of 3D CNFs architectures have not been summarized, until now.…”

Section: Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic‐Scale Three‐Dimensional Carbon Nanofiber Architectures for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

Chen

Feng

Liang

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

170

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Therefore, it is necessary to develop highperformance energy storage devices for facilitating the effective utilization of intermittent renewable energy sources. [7][8][9] Among varieties of electrochemical energy storage devices, supercapacitors (known as electrochemical capacitors) [10,11] and some rechargeable batteries (lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithiumsulfur (Li-S) batteries, and metal-O 2 batteries) [12][13][14][15] are at the frontier, because they can transport high power and store high energy. Nowadays, they play an indispensable role in our daily life by powering numerous portable electronic devices (e.g., cell phones and laptops), hybrid electric vehicles, and large-scale electrical grids. [16][17][18][19] It is well accepted that the performance of energy storage devices mainly depended on their electrode materials. [20,21] Owing to the advantages of large surface area, light weight, good electrical conductivity, and high thermal/ chemical stability, carbon materials have been considered as the most important electrode materials of supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries [8,20,21] Hence, various nanostructured carbons, such as carbon/graphene quantum dots, [22,23] carbon nanofiber (CNFs), [16,24] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [13,25] graphene [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] carbon nanosheets, [33,34] 3D carbon nanostructures, [35][36][37] and porous carbon, [38,39] have gained great attention. Among these materials, 3D carbon nanomaterials have some advantages. The interlinked architecture not only shortens transport distances for ions in the well-interconnected wall structure, but also provides a continuous pathway endowing for the fast electron transport. [40] Moreover, the structural interconnectivities guarantee higher electrical conductivity and better mechanical stability. [36,41] Thereby, the design and fabrication of various 3D carbonbased nanostructures, including carbon nanotube networks, graphene gels, graphene foams, and 3D CNFs, have been intensively investigated.Over the past few years, there are many reviews summarizing the progress of fabricating 3D carbon-based nanomaterials. For example, Schneider et al. overviewed the recent advance in the synthesis of 3D arranged carbon nanotube architectures. [42] Li et al. reviewed the carbon-based 3D nanostructures for supercapacitors. [36] Cao and Gui et al. comprehensively reviewed the recent progress in synthesis, properties, and energy applications of CNT sponges, aerogels, and hierarchical composites. [43] The development of high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices is critical for addressing energy crises and environmental pollution.

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“…Because of the strong interactions between assembled components (strong π–π interaction, van der Waals force, large interaction surfaces between sheets, corrugation at atomic scale, and winkled morphology at the sub‐micrometer scale) and the synergic effect of individual nanocarbon components, the hybridization of two or more constituents usually exhibits more advanced properties than a single component. Thus, such nanocarbon/graphene hybrids have attracted increasing interest during the past decades, especially for hybridization with assembled architectures from macroscopic 1D fibers to 3D structures 60, 61…”

Section: Self‐assembled Graphene‐based Hybrid Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Assembled Graphene‐Based Architectures and Their Applications

Yuan

Xiao

et al. 2017

Advanced Science

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Due to unique planar structures and remarkable thermal, electronic, and mechanical properties, chemically modified graphenes (CMGs) such as graphene oxides, reduced graphene oxides, and the related derivatives are recognized as the attractive building blocks for “bottom‐up” nanotechnology, while self‐assembly of CMGs has emerged as one of the most promising approaches to construct advanced functional materials/systems based on graphene. By virtue of a variety of noncovalent forces like hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interaction, metal‐to‐ligand bonds, electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic–hydrophilic interactions, and π–π interactions, the CMGs bearing various functional groups are highly desirable for the assemblies with themselves and a variety of organic and/or inorganic species which can yield various hierarchical nanostructures and macroscopic composites endowed with unique structures, properties, and functions for widespread technological applications such as electronics, optoelectronics, electrocatalysis/photocatalysis, environment, and energy storage and conversion. In this review, significant recent advances concerning the self‐assembly of CMGs are summarized, and the broad applications of self‐assembled graphene‐based materials as well as some future opportunities and challenges in this vibrant area are elucidated.

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Superstructured Assembly of Nanocarbons: Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Graphene

Cited by 476 publications

References 715 publications

Bottom-up and top-down manipulations for multi-order photonic crystallinity in a graphene-oxide colloid

Bottom-up and top-down manipulations for multi-order photonic crystallinity in a graphene-oxide colloid

Macroscopic‐Scale Three‐Dimensional Carbon Nanofiber Architectures for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

Self‐Assembled Graphene‐Based Architectures and Their Applications

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