Supertwisted nematic liquid crystal displays

Raynes, E. P.; Waters, C M

doi:10.1016/0141-9382(87)90038-2

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The liquid crystal displays based on nematic mesogens have become the major flat panel display device. There are three generations of displays [10,15]. Twisted nematic (TN) display [16] was first reported in 1971 and is in widespread use in watches and calculators as low information content LCD s .…”

Section: Liquid Crystal State Of Matter: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much effort has been devoted to investigate the behaviour of helicoidal chiral smectic C (Sm C*) phase from the fundamental understanding as well as potential applications [8][9][10] point of view. In addition to Sm C* phase, the recent experimental focus is also on the ferroelectric properties of chiral smectic phases of achiral bent-core molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase transitions in ferroelectric liquid crystals

2008

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Section: Liquid Crystal State Of Matter: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transitions in ferroelectric liquid crystals

2008

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“…With mixtures such as E7 developed by Raynes at RSRE, not only could devices operate from below −5°C to over +50°C, last many years without breaking down, but also enabled simple rubbed polymer alignment layers and adhesives to be used in the construction too. Moreover, he highlighted not just the importance of material work but also a series of device inventions done at RSRE over the years, referring to papers on field sequential colour [18], the supertwist nematic [19], ferroelectric liquid crystals [20] and the ZBD bistable nematic [21]. All of this achievement arose from the group that Hilsum had founded.…”

Section: It Actually Took Until November 1978 For Spear and Lementioning

confidence: 99%

The fiftieth anniversary of the liquid crystal display

Jones

2018

Liquid Crystals Today

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A record is given of the special meeting organised by the UK&I Chapter of the Society of Information Display held at the Royal Academy of Engineering in London, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the RCA announcement of the first Liquid Crystal Display on 28th May 1968. Coming exactly eighty years after the report of the first liquid crystal materials, this announcement sparked interest across the globe, and particularly in the UK, Switzerland and Japan. Presentations of the early LCD history from Hilsum, Schadt and Raynes give insights into both the science and also the process of invention itself. These early contributors are followed by a view from the USA from Bos and representation from the companies Sharp and Merck that helped shape the success of these fascinating and useful materials. Also reviewed are talks on the use of organic semiconductors to drive plastic LCD by Sirringhaus, reflective LCD of Folium Optics, retail signage of Displaydata, as well as a look to the future from LCD competitors from Bodle (Phase Change Material displays) and BOE (OLED).

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“…Two years later Stephen Kelly joined the group as a member of the RSRE team, and shortly afterwards Colin Waters. Waters later went on to work at RSRE, where he and Raynes invented the super-twisted nematic liquid crystal device, which became used in commercial displays with high information content (Raynes & Waters 1987). As Gray commented (24), 'The success (of biphenyls) also attracted very good people to work in the Hull Liquid Crystal Group, and probably the most able and exciting group of young researchers that I was ever privileged to work with was created.'…”

Section: Beyond Cyanobiphenyls 1974-90mentioning

confidence: 99%

George William Gray CBE MRIA FRSE. 4 September 1926 — 12 May 2013

Goodby

Raynes

2016

Biogr. Mems Fell. R. Soc.

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George Gray was a renowned British materials chemist, internationally distinguished for his research into liquid crystals and their applications in flat-panel displays. His seminal invention of the liquid-crystalline cyanobiphenyls underpinned the creation of the modern electronic displays industry, which began with digital watches and has continued through to smart and three-dimensional televisions. There are now more liquid crystal displays in the world than people, and these devices have engendered societal changes through social networking on the Internet. His ability to design, synthesize and utilize self-organizing materials across the various disciplines of science showed that he was a supreme molecular engineer. For his contributions to soft-matter and related advanced technologies he was made a Commander of the British Empire, Kyoto Prize laureate, Fellow of the Royal Society, Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy. Early years and familyGeorge Gray was born to John and Jessie Gray in Denny, Scotland, on 4 September 1926. He was an ordinary, happy and mischievous boy brought up in a stable and loving family. He was the only son, but he did have a sister, Catherine, six years his senior. As a child his main interests were making models of ships, reading, and growing plants and gardening. The small town of Denny, where he grew up, was not particularly attractive because it was centred on coal mining, paper manufacture and iron production. However, as it had easy access to the surrounding and beautiful countryside, his memories were of hills and rivers, not industrial grime.George's mother was much closer to his sister than she was to George; maybe she found him too lively, untidy and mischievous-for example, he once tied his nanny to a chair. In

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Supertwisted nematic liquid crystal displays

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Phase transitions in ferroelectric liquid crystals

Phase transitions in ferroelectric liquid crystals

The fiftieth anniversary of the liquid crystal display

George William Gray CBE MRIA FRSE. 4 September 1926 — 12 May 2013

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