Supervisory control design for balancing supply and demand in a district heating system with thermal energy storage

Zotică, Cristina; Pérez-Piñeiro, David; Skogestad, Sigurd

doi:10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107306

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The methodology assumes only historical data from the plant is available and provides a step-wise procedure comprising evaluation of the deployment of selector blocks, modeling, and performance assessment and robustness of the two strategies. In Section , a comparison between the two aforementioned widely used strategies, namely, selector-based control and MPC, is carried out for an industrial case study with constraints (a heat exchanger employed in a South-East Asian processing facility). To the best of our knowledge, such a comparison between the two strategies is scarce in literature, and only recently some efforts have been made to this end. , Real industrial examples using selector-based control have not been discussed very extensively in the literature in comparison to other research topics in control, and hence, this case study will also aid further investigation on this topic. Additionally, in Section , extensive simulation results are carried out for assessing the performance, constraint violations, and robustness of the control architectures in the presence of plant-model mismatch, followed by conclusions in Section . …”

Section: Efficacy and Limitations Of Selector Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Section , a comparison between the two aforementioned widely used strategies, namely, selector-based control and MPC, is carried out for an industrial case study with constraints (a heat exchanger employed in a South-East Asian processing facility). To the best of our knowledge, such a comparison between the two strategies is scarce in literature, and only recently some efforts have been made to this end. , Real industrial examples using selector-based control have not been discussed very extensively in the literature in comparison to other research topics in control, and hence, this case study will also aid further investigation on this topic.…”

Section: Efficacy and Limitations Of Selector Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Assessment of Control Strategies for Industrial Systems with Input–Output Constraints

Kumar

Samavedham

Karimi

2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Safety and economic considerations pose constraints on inputs and outputs of industrial processes. A conventional feedback control system is not equipped to handle these constraints, and hence, industrial practitioners resort to the addition of ad hoc elements such as selector blocks, in conjunction with more sophisticated control strategies such as split range control. However, this approach lacks an organized and prudent methodology and is usually carried out with the aid of experiential knowhow of plant operators and control engineers. Some recent developments in the literature address this issue, however simultaneously alluding to model predictive control (MPC) as a more natural approach for such systems. In this work, we evaluate the efficacy of the aforementioned approach of simple ad hoc additions to accommodate constraints in a process. To this end, with the aid of a continuously stirred tank reactor model, we illustrate the ease of deployment of selector blocks for handling constraints in simple systems and assess their limitations as the system becomes more complex. Next, we consider a heat exchanger employed in a South-East Asian processing facility where the performance of the currently used selector-based architecture is deemed unsatisfactory by the operators. The current control structure was evaluated for conformity with the approaches suggested in the recent literature and was found to be sound; hence, the unsatisfactory performance stems from the inherent limitations of the proportional integral control structure and/or improper tuning. The implementation of MPC on the exchanger system leads to performance amelioration and enhanced robustness.

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Section: Efficacy and Limitations Of Selector Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Efficacy and Limitations Of Selector Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Assessment of Control Strategies for Industrial Systems with Input–Output Constraints

Kumar

Samavedham

Karimi

2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Whenever external disturbances are measurable, the contribution of this work can be of importance in a great variety of fields where multi-input control has been successfully applied. Remarkable application fields include bioprocesses [14,15], thermal systems [18], medical systems [19,20], scanner imaging [21,22], massive data storage devices [23,24], fuel engines [25] and electrical vehicles [26], robotics [27][28][29], and unmanned aerial vehicles [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedforward of Measurable Disturbances to Improve Multi-Input Feedback Control

Rico-Azagra

Gil-Martínez

2021

Mathematics

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The availability of multiple inputs (plants) can improve output performance by conveniently allocating the control bandwidth among them. Beyond that, the intervention of only the useful plants at each frequency implies the minimum control action at each input. Secondly, in single input control, the addition of feedforward loops from measurable external inputs has been demonstrated to reduce the amount of feedback and, subsequently, palliate its sideband effects of noise amplification. Thus, one part of the action calculated by feedback is now provided by feedforward. This paper takes advantage of both facts for the problem of robust rejection of measurable disturbances by employing a set of control inputs; a previous work did the same for the case of robust reference tracking. Then, a control architecture is provided that includes feedforward elements from the measurable disturbance to each control input and feedback control elements that link the output error to each control input. A methodology is developed for the robust design of the named control elements that distribute the control bandwidth among the cheapest inputs and simultaneously assures the prescribed output performance to correct the disturbed output for a set of possible plant cases (model uncertainty). The minimum necessary feedback gains are used to fight plant uncertainties at the control bandwidth, while feedforward gains achieve the nominal output response. Quantitative feedback theory (QFT) principles are employed. An example illustrates the method and its benefits versus a control architecture with only feedback control elements, which have much more gain beyond the control bandwidth than when feedforward is employed.

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“…Further, they mention that MPC is complicated to implement. [104] Moustakidis et al present a control architecture for an automatic and efficient operation of DHSs. Their architecture consists of three levels.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Dhs Control Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a supervisory control can be made manually in a control center. Alternatively, it can be managed automatically based on MPC or split range control [104]. The SOC of the buffer is used as the main indicator.…”

Section: The Basic Principle Of Dh Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Framework and Associated Methodology for the Design, Operative Planning, and Operation of District Heating Systems to Facilitate the Transition Towards a Fully Renewable Heat Supply

Lorenzen¹

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District heating systems (DHSs) are a mature technology for an efficient heat supply in cities. In the context of the climate crisis and the related goal of a decarbonized heating sector, DHSs play an ambivalent role. As existing DHSs are mostly based on fossil fuels, they are part of the problem. However, as they can also integrate renewable heating plants, DHSs offer a great potential to support the transition towards a fossil-free heat supply.This transition is hindered by several barriers. For example, low supply temperatures are needed for the economically efficient integration of renewable heating plants. However, since existing fossil heating plants marginally benefit from a reduction of the temperature, a lock-in effect to the established business models exists. In the current research, resolving the barriers is focused either on individual solutions for specific issues or on heat strategies for a general level. Since the barriers are strongly interrelated, district heating (DH) companies require a systemic transition methodology for their specific activities in the different fields of planning and operation. Since such a transition methodology is identified as lacking in the literature, this thesis aims to develop a comprehensive methodology that facilitates the transition in an economically efficient way.To develop such a transition methodology, this thesis introduces a framework approach that combines new and existing independent concepts and that is built on a newly developed structure of eight "DH scopes." These DH scopes classify the activities in the different fields of DH concerns. To address the planning and operation activities in DH companies, these activities are integrated into the new "framework" that is classified according to the three DH scopes "design," "operative planning," and "operation." The framework summarizes the related activities according to processes and links them using technical and economic mechanisms. These mechanisms are considered in such a way that all activities are incentivized iii in the often-stressful times. I would like to thank my friends Sarah and Michael for their feedback on the dissertation at an earlier stage.Finally, I would also like to thank my family for their support. Particularly, I want to say thank you to my parents, who have always supported me. Especially during the height of the pandemic, they supported me mentally by making certain "demolition activities" possible.Thank you all very much! Now I hope that you enjoy reading and browsing through this dissertation,

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Supervisory control design for balancing supply and demand in a district heating system with thermal energy storage

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Critical Assessment of Control Strategies for Industrial Systems with Input–Output Constraints

Critical Assessment of Control Strategies for Industrial Systems with Input–Output Constraints

Feedforward of Measurable Disturbances to Improve Multi-Input Feedback Control

A Comprehensive Framework and Associated Methodology for the Design, Operative Planning, and Operation of District Heating Systems to Facilitate the Transition Towards a Fully Renewable Heat Supply

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