Superwarfarin Rodent Poisons and Hemorrhagic Disease

Long-Acting Anticoagulant Rodenticide (Superwarfarin) Poisoning: A Review of Its Historical Development, Epidemiology, and Clinical Management

“…Of note, 10 (71%) of the 14 deaths from case report data were associated with intracranial hemorrhage, and of the 10 reported cases of intracranial hemorrhage, only 1 (10%) survived. Within this closer review of LAAR exposures, brodifacoum was the most common offending agent-brodifacoum, 83/174 (48%); chlorophacinone, 24/174 (14%); LAAR not otherwise 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 specified, 67/174 (38%) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]13,17,20,27,32,33,[38][39][40][41]43,[49][50][51]53,.…”

“…Current guidelines recommend that if no symptoms or coagulation abnormalities Table 2 Signs and symptoms of LAAR poisoning (n = 174 reported cases) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]13,17,20,27,32,33,[38][39][40][41]43,[49][50][51]53, Adverse event n (%) exist at 48 hours after exposure, patients should continue to be observed without treatment [13,81]. However, if compatible coagulation abnormalities coincide with serious bleeding, first-line hemostatic therapy involves immediate treatment with fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) and vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone/phytonadione).…”

“…Never intended for human use, cases of human poisoning can be dramatic and yet difficult to recognize. Longacting anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning is a global health issue with cases reported in Turkey, Croatia, Taiwan, China, Australia, Argentina, and the United States [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. This review will provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of LAAR poisoning by presenting the historical development of vitamin K antagonists, epidemiology, pharmacology, and clinical aspects of LAAR poisoning and its diagnosis and clinical management.…”

Massive neonatal intracranial hemorrhage caused by bromadiolone

“…[ 2 ] Bromadiolone intoxication in adults and children have been reported in China, with relatively mild clinical features, but this problem is rarely seen in fetuses. [ 3 ] Recognition of the severe coagulopathy in newborn resulting from bromadiolone poisoning is severely lacking. We report a neonatal case involving bromadiolone.…”