“…By eliminating several treatment variables and using a vascularized bone flap from a well-defined source, relatively uniform results might be expected. However, the wide variation in outcomes reported for the 1,2 ICSRA flap (with union rates ranging from 27% to 100% at times from 6.5 to 19 weeks) highlights the differences between studies (Hirche et al., 2014; Jones et al., 2009; Korompilias et al., 2014; Lim et al., 2013; Steinmann et al., 2002; Uerpairojkit et al., 2000; Venousiou and Sotereanos, 2012; Waitayawinyu et al., 2009). Some studies have attributed poor outcomes to compromising patient variables, such as proximal pole AVN and volar collapse (Braga-Silva et al., 2008; Jones et al., 2008; Straw et al., 2002).…”