“…Goal setting was largely directed by teachers across all of the interventions, but students' autonomy in the process varied. As examples, in one intervention (McKenna et al, 2021), teachers set goals for students; in another (e.g., Jozwik & Douglas, 2017) teachers assisted students in setting goals or modeled goal setting. In some interventions, students were provided training or instruction about goal setting (e.g., guiding them toward a quantifiable goal that was then recorded on a personal sheet; Kim & Linan-Thompson, 2013) or were provided with tools to facilitate goal tracking at each intervention session (e.g., a “self-regulation checklist ... to establish goals of vocabulary learning, monitor learning through self-monitoring statements before and after the lesson, and reflect on goal attainment”; Solís et al, 2017, p. 108).…”