Supplemental or dietary intake of omega‐3 fatty acids for the treatment of periodontitis: A meta‐analysis

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the intervention effect of omega-3 fatty acids on changes in periodontal parameters.Materials and Methods: This meta-analysis included studies published in English language between 2010 and 2020, which were extracted from the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases. The effects of omega-3 fatty acid intervention were investigated using the amount of omega-3 intake, periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). The randomeffects model was generated for data analysis. To obtain robustness of the model, sensitivity analysis was implemented. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the intervention period for each parameter. Results: All 13 studies included in the meta-analysis were interventional, randomized controlled trials. Two studies implemented omega-3 fatty acid-rich diets, while 11 studies used supplements. Risk of bias was low, and publication bias was not shown. Meta-analysis showed a statistically significant PPD reduction (standardized mean difference [SMD] = À0.81, absolute mean difference [MD] = À0.44 mm), CAL gain (SMD = À0.77, MD = À0.51 mm), and BOP reduction (SMD = À0.65, MD = À9.45%) for the omega-3 fatty acid intervention overall. Conclusion:This study suggests that supplemental or dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of periodontitis may have a positive impact on the disease.

Histopathological and Scores Assessment of Using Omega-3 for Improvement Gingival Wound Healing Process in Rabbit Model

“…Our findings are in line with one of the research that looked at the effect of EPA and DHA supplementation on wound healing in rabbit gingiva and the relationship between inflammation markers at wound sites [28]. Collagen production improved as a result of this investigation.…”

“…was used as an anti-inflammatory drug, with one study reporting that omega-3 supplementation is a simple strategy to improve the longterm treatment of periodontitis [27]. Another literature review reporting that using omega-3 as a treatment can significantly increase gum tissue regeneration while decreasing bleeding on examination [28][29][30]. Arachidonic acid is considered a proinflammatory since it is a mediator of inflammation and can operate as a vasodilator, and it is found in phospholipids [31].…”

“…PUFAs have been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory disorders in humans and animals, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. Omega-3, on the other hand, can be utilized to try to prevent gum tissue deterioration by suppressing cytokines [28].…”

Impact of health and lifestyle food supplements on periodontal tissues and health

“…Similar to that, the meta-analysis of Heo et al 151 suggests that supplemental or dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for the treatment of periodontitis may have a positive impact on the disease.…”

On the reliability of clinical attachment level measurements

“…During the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in the role of nutrition in periodontal disease. Recently, a systematic review on the interventional effect of non‐surgical treatment and omega‐3 fatty acids intake in patients with periodontal diseases was published in the JCP (Heo et al, 2022 ). The authors suggested that supplemental intake of omega‐3 fatty acids for the treatment of periodontitis may have a positive effect.…”