Supplementation of Low Ratio n-6:n-3 PUFA Reduces Body Fatness in Young Obese Balinese Women: A Randomized Study with Optimized Energy Regulation

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Obese Indonesians, including Balinese, are at higher risk of comorbidities like, CVD, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Urban Balinese are changing their diet from traditional to fast foods and the like that are high in saturated fats. Nutritional modification, such as increasing n-3 PUFA content in the diet, may aid in managing body fat accumulation-related diseases. This study investigated the effects of supplementation of n-6:n-3 PUFA with ratio of 2:1 on body fat reduction in young obese Balinese women. Methods and Study Design: Sixty-six young obese Balinese women, aged 18-25, were randomly assigned equally into Intervention and Control groups, supplemented with 2100 mg:1100 mg and 240 mg:100 mg of n-6:n-3 PUFAs, respectively. Data were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks of intervention. BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), conicity index, triglyceride concentrations, and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) were measured. Participants were advised to maintain <1500-Kcal daily energy intake and participate in a guided low-impact aerobics once a week. Results: After 12-weeks supplementation, all body fat indices (BMI, WC, WHtR, conicity index, and LAP), decreased significantly weather were unadjusted or adjusted by the reduced of energy intake in the Intervention group. Otherwise, in the Control group only some of WC indices (WC, WHtR, and conicity index) decreased stasticically. BMI and WC of the Intervention group decreased significantly more than the Control group. Conclusion: Twelve-week intervention with high-dose of low n-6:n-3 PUFAs ratio and restriction energy intake, reduced body fatness selectively in young obese Balinese women.

Dietary fat types consumption association with obesity and coronary indices

“…Weta and his colleagues, in an interventional study, reported that the reduction of body fat could be enhanced by supplementation with a high dose of a low omega-6/ omega-3 ratio; they documented a significant reduction of BMI, WC, CI, and LAP within the interventional group. (54) Extensively, a large base of evidence recommends a balanced intake of omega-3 and omega-6 to reduce the risk of obesity and its related NCDs. (19,52) Furthermore, Suara and his colleagues suggested that for obesity prevention, it is essential to increase the intake of omega-3/omega-6 to higher ratios.…”

“…Weta and his colleagues, in an interventional study, reported that the reduction of body fat could be enhanced by supplementation with a high dose of a low omega-6/omega-3 ratio; they documented a significant reduction of BMI, WC, CI, and LAP within the interventional group. ( 54 )…”