Supplementation with chromium picolinate reduces the incidence of placental retention in dairy cows

Villalobos-F., J. A.; Romero-R, Carlos M; Tarragó-C., M. R.; Rosado, Adolfo

doi:10.4141/a96-141

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…They were also comparable with that of Rogosic et al (2006) who reported CP values of leaves and twigs of some Mediterranean maquis shrubs Imoro 61 ranged from 4.9 to 7.8%. The results were also in conformity with the observation by Villalobos et al (1997) and Patterson et al (2003) that nutrient deficiencies in a cow are more probable in fall and winter when nutrient contents of the grazed forages are low.…”

Section: Mean Proximate Compositionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the relative feed value of indigenous savanna forage shrub species in Ghana

Imoro¹

2020

Afr. J. Plant Sci.

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Animal performance mainly depends on the quantity and quality of forage available as feed and animal feed represents one of the major costs in animal production. This research was conducted in the Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Experimental Field at University for Development Studies, Nyankpala Campus to evaluate the relative feed value of four indigenous savanna forage shrubs. These shrubs were cultivated and their leaves harvested at 7, 10 and 13 weeks after establishment. Harvested leaves were pulverized to determine ash, crude fat, crude fiber, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF). Metabolisable energy, dry matter (DM), digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake (DMI) and relative feed values (RFV) were also estimated. Ash, crude fat, crude fibre, CP, ADF and NDF contents ranged from 7.56 to 11.22%, 1.924 to 2.812%, 9.33 to 16.11%, 4.598 to 4.960%, 20.73 to 27.22% and 33.47 to 53.06%, respectively. The DDM, DMI and RFV ranged from 67.70 to 74.84%, 2.27 to 3.66% and 120.2 to 212.6%, respectively. The NDF, ADF contents of Tephrosia purpurea was significantly higher than those for Cajanus cajan (L), Stylosanthes mucronata and Securinega virosa (P < 0.05). The DDM and RFV of S. virosa and S. mucronata were significantly higher than those for C. cajan and T. purpurea. The DMI in S. virosa and S. mucronata was significantly higher than those for other shrubs. The carbohydrate contents of S. virosa were significantly higher than the other shrubs. In conclusion all the species studied offered considerable potential as high quality forage for ruminants during the acute periods of the year when the quantity and quality of forages are limited.

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Section: Mean Proximate Compositionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the relative feed value of indigenous savanna forage shrub species in Ghana

Imoro¹

2020

Afr. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The issues of reproduction in relation to Cr supplementation in cattle have been devoted relatively little attention. Despite this, a positive effect of Cr supplementation on the insemination index, interval and service period has been established (Bonomi et al, 1997;Pechova et al, 2003) as well as a reduced incidence of endometritis and placental retention (Chang et al, 1996;Villalobos et al, 1997). Bryan et al (2004) studied the effect of supplementing 6.25 mg/day of Cr from Cr methionine on lactation and reproduction in intensively grazed cattle.…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium as an essential nutrient: a review

Pechová¹,

Pavlata²

2007

Vet. Med.

359

244

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Chromium (Cr) has been studied since the end of the 19 th century, when carcinogenic effects of hexavalent Cr were discovered. Essentiality of trivalent Cr was demonstrated in 1959; Cr 3+ has been studied in humans and laboratory animals since the 1970s and it is only since the 1990s that Cr has been studied as an essential element in livestock animals with the same intensity. Trivalent chromium is essential to normal carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Chromium is biologically active as part of an oligopeptide -chromodulin -potentiating the effect of insulin by facilitating insulin binding to receptors at the cell surface. With chromium acting as a cofactor of insulin, Cr activity in the organism is parallel to insulin functions. Cr absorption is low, ranging between 0.4 and 2.0% for inorganic compounds while the availability of organic Cr is more than 10 times higher. Absorbed Cr circulates in blood bound to the β-globulin plasma fraction and is transported to tissues bound to transferrin. Absorbed Cr is excreted primarily in urine, by glomerular filtration; a small amount is excreted through perspiration, bile and in milk. The demand for Cr has been growing as a result of factors commonly referred to as stressors, especially during different forms of nutritional, metabolic and physical strain. This review describes Cr metabolism, the different biological functions of Cr and symptoms of Cr deficiency.

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“…Similar results were reported also by Chang et al (1996) who did not observe any effects of Cr supplementation on the prevalence of mastitis, oedema, or abomasal displacement and found only a somewhat lower prevalence of retained placenta and endometritis in the treated cows. On the other hand, Villalobos et al (1997), who started Cr supplementation nine weeks before the expected delivery date, reported a decrease in the prevalence of retained placenta to almost one fourth of the value observed in untreated cows.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Metabolic Effects of Chromium Supplementation in Dairy Cows in the Peripartal Period

Pechová¹,

Podhorský²,

Lokajová³

et al. 2002

Acta Vet. Brno

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The aim of the work was to assess the effects of supplemental chromium (Cr) on metabolism of dairy cows in the peripartal period. Rations fed to dairy cows in a herd of Holstein cattle with mean milk yield of 7 500 l were supplemented with chromium-enriched yeast (Co-Factor III Chromium Yeast, Alltech, 0.1% Cr 3+ ) at 10 mg of Cr per animal per day. The treatment was started 21 days before the expected delivery date and discontinued 30 days after the delivery. Blood and urine samples were collected from ten experimental and ten control cows at weekly intervals, the state of health was monitored by regular clinical examinations, and milk yield for the first 100 days of lactation was recorded. The results indicate favourable effects of the supplementation on energy metabolism. The Cr-supplemented cows showed significantly higher blood glucose concentrations at post-partum (p.p.) weeks 4 (4.25 ± 0.21 vs. 3.74 ± 0.36 mmol·l -1 ; p < 0.01) and 5 (4.06 ± 0.41 vs. 3.64 0.28 mmol·l -1 ; p < 0.05) and lower ketone bodies concentration at p.p. week 4 (0.88 ± 0.11 vs. 1.38 ± 0.66 mmol·l -1 ; p < 0.05). The Cr-supplemented cows showed also significantly lower bilirubin concentration at p.p. week 2 (3.93 ± 0.84 vs. 6.47 ± 3.25 µmol·l -1 ; p < 0.05) and lower catalytic activities of aspartate aminotransferase at p.p. weeks 3 (1.37 ± 0.14 vs. 1.66 ± 0.20 µkat·l -1 ; p < 0.01) and 5 (1.16 ± 0.08 vs. 1.47 ± 0.18 µkat·l -1 ; p < 0.01) and lactate dehydrogenase at p.p. week 5 (27.35 ± 3.76 vs. 33.61 ± 5.61 µkat·l -1 ; p < 0.05). No effects on the metabolism of nitrogen substances or minerals, insulin concentration in blood serum, and blood Cr concentration were observed. Chromium excretion in urine increased after parturition; higher concentrations were found in Cr-supplemented cows at p.p. weeks 3 (7.14 ± 1.72 vs. 5.00 ± 1.26 µg·l -1 ; p < 0.01) and 4 (8.40 ± 3.13 vs. 4.04 ± 1.32 µg·l -1 ; p < 0.01). Although chromium supplementation in the peripartal period significantly improved variables characterising the energy metabolism, no effects on milk yield for the first 100 days of lactation or on the incidence of clinical diseases were demonstrable.

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Supplementation with chromium picolinate reduces the incidence of placental retention in dairy cows

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of the relative feed value of indigenous savanna forage shrub species in Ghana

Evaluation of the relative feed value of indigenous savanna forage shrub species in Ghana

Chromium as an essential nutrient: a review

Metabolic Effects of Chromium Supplementation in Dairy Cows in the Peripartal Period

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