Supplementing healthy rats with a high-niacin dose has no effect on muscle fiber distribution and muscle metabolic phenotype

Scholz, Kristen; Kynast, Anna Marie; Couturier, Aline; Mooren, Frank-Christoph; Krüger, Karsten; Most, Erika; Eder, Klaus; Ringseis, Robert

doi:10.1007/s00394-013-0624-5

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In contrast, nicotinic acid and NUA could not be detected in plasma of the niacin group. This finding is also in line with another study [26] , and is explained by the fact that nicotinic acid from the diet is rapidly converted to the coenzyme NAD in the intestine and liver and finally converted into NAM which is released into the blood stream [33] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The elevation of plasma NAM levels was in the same range as reported in other studies, in which a similar niacin dose was fed to the rats [26], [32]. In contrast, nicotinic acid and NUA could not be detected in plasma of the niacin group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…As expected, administration of the pharmacological niacin dose (0.78 g niacin/kg diet) for 4 wk to the obese Zucker rats resulted in an about 2-fold elevation of plasma NAM levels compared to the control rats which received a physiological niacin dose sufficient to cover their niacin requirement. The elevation of plasma NAM levels was in the same range as reported in other studies, in which a similar niacin dose was fed to the rats [26] , [32] . In contrast, nicotinic acid and NUA could not be detected in plasma of the niacin group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Niacin in Pharmacological Doses Alters MicroRNA Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Obese Zucker Rats

et al. 2014

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Administration of pharmacological niacin doses was recently reported to have pronounced effects on skeletal muscle gene expression and phenotype in obese Zucker rats, with the molecular mechanisms underlying the alteration of gene expression being completely unknown. Since miRNAs have been shown to play a critical role for gene expression through inducing miRNA-mRNA interactions which results in the degradation of specific mRNAs or the repression of protein translation, we herein aimed to investigate the influence of niacin at pharmacological doses on the miRNA expression profile in skeletal muscle of obese Zucker rats fed either a control diet with 30 mg supplemented niacin/kg diet or a high-niacin diet with 780 mg supplemented niacin/kg diet for 4 wk. miRNA microarray analysis revealed that 42 out of a total of 259 miRNAs were differentially expressed (adjusted P-value <0.05), 20 being down-regulated and 22 being up-regulated, between the niacin group and the control group. Using a biostatistics approach, we could demonstrate that the most strongly up-regulated (log2 ratio ≥0.5) and down-regulated (log2 ratio ≤−0.5) miRNAs target approximately 1,800 mRNAs. Gene-term enrichment analysis showed that many of the predicted target mRNAs from the most strongly regulated miRNAs were involved in molecular processes dealing with gene transcription such as DNA binding, transcription regulator activity, transcription factor binding and in important regulatory pathways such as Wnt signaling and MAPK signaling. In conclusion, the present study shows for the first time that pharmacological niacin doses alter the expression of miRNAs in skeletal muscle of obese Zucker rats and that the niacin-regulated miRNAs target a large set of genes and pathways which are involved in gene regulatory activity indicating that at least some of the recently reported effects of niacin on skeletal muscle gene expression and phenotype in obese Zucker rats are mediated through miRNA-mRNA interactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Niacin in Pharmacological Doses Alters MicroRNA Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Obese Zucker Rats

et al. 2014

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“…The NA dose administered to the mice (approximately 95 mg/kg body weight) is comparable to that used in humans, in which NA doses of 2-6 g/day equivalent to 30-90 mg/kg body weight for an individual weighing 70 kg are applied to induce serum lipid-lowering effects. In agreement with other studies, NA and NUA could not be detected even in plasma of mice fed the high NA diet [3,10]. This is attributed to the fact that dietary NA is rapidly converted to NAD + in the intestine and liver, and NAD + is then transformed into NAM via the "amidation pathway" and subsequently released into the blood stream [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Plasma concentrations of NA, NAM and NUA in plasma were determined by LC-MS/MS as published recently in detail [10]. The concentrations of free carnitine, acetylcarnitine and the carnitine precursors trimethyllysine and γ-butyrobetaine in plasma were measured by tandem mass spectrometry as published recently [31].…”

Section: Determination Of Biochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinic Acid Improves Endurance Performance of Mice Subjected to Treadmill Exercise

et al. 2020

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Recently, administration of nicotinic acid (NA) at a pharmacological dose was found to induce a similar change in the muscle´s contractile and metabolic phenotype as observed in response to endurance exercise. Thus, the hypothesis was tested that combined NA administration and endurance exercise promotes the adaptation of muscle to regular exercise and improves the endurance performance to a greater extent than exercise alone. Thus, 30 adult mice were randomly divided into three groups of 10 mice/group. The control and the exercise (EX) group received an adequate NA diet, while the EX + NA group received a high NA diet. Mice of the EX and the EX + NA group were subjected to a treadmill endurance exercise program five times/week during the experimental period of 42 days. At day 41, endurance performance was greater in the EX + NA group than in the control and the EX group (p < 0.05). Mice of the EX + NA group had a higher type IIA (+60%) and a lower type IIB (−55%) fiber percentage in gastrocnemius (GN) muscle than control mice (p < 0.05), while the type I fiber percentage in GN muscle tended to be increased (+100%) in the EX + NA group compared to the control group (p = 0.051). In the EX + NA group, glycogen concentration (+15%) and mRNA levels of two glycolytic (+70–80%) and two glycogenolytic enzymes (+80–120%) in GN muscle were increased compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding a high NA diet induces changes in skeletal muscle fiber composition and improves endurance performance of mice subjected to regular endurance exercise.

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NAD+: An old but promising therapeutic agent for skeletal muscle ageing

Xu,

Xiao

2023

Ageing Research Reviews

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Supplementing healthy rats with a high-niacin dose has no effect on muscle fiber distribution and muscle metabolic phenotype

Abstract: The results show that niacin has only negligible effects on fiber distribution and its regulation as well as the metabolic phenotype of skeletal muscle in healthy rats.

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Niacin in Pharmacological Doses Alters MicroRNA Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Obese Zucker Rats

Niacin in Pharmacological Doses Alters MicroRNA Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Obese Zucker Rats

Nicotinic Acid Improves Endurance Performance of Mice Subjected to Treadmill Exercise

NAD+: An old but promising therapeutic agent for skeletal muscle ageing

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