Supplementing Mannan Oligosaccharide Reduces the Passive Transfer of Immunoglobulin G and Improves Antioxidative Capacity, Immunity, and Intestinal Microbiota in Neonatal Goats

Abstract

Successful establishment of passive immunity (PIT) and regulation of intestinal microbiota are crucial for ruminants to maintain body health and reduce the risk of disease during the neonatal period. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation on passive transfer of immunoglobulin G (IgG), serum inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant levels as well as bacteria composition in the ileal digesta. A total of 14 healthy neonatal Ganxi black goats with similar birth weight (BW: 2.35 ± 0.55 kg) were selected and allocated into two groups, only fed colostrum and milk replacer (CON, n = 7) and supplemented MOS (0.06% of birth BW) in the colostrum and milk replacer (MOS, n = 7). The results indicated that MOS supplementation significantly reduced (p < 0.05) serum IgG level at 3 and 6 h after colostrum feeding. Serum GLP-1 level of goats in the MOS group was significantly lower (p = 0.001) than that in the CON group. Goats in the MOS group had higher serum CAT and lower MDA level than those in the CON group (p < 0.05). Serum anti-inflammatory cytokine level of interleukin 4 (IL-4) was increased (p < 0.05), while pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 level was reduced (p < 0.05) in the MOS group when compared with the CON group. In addition, MOS supplementation remarkably increased (p < 0.05) the level of secretory IgA (sIgA) in the ileal digesta. Principal coordinate analysis of 16S rRNA sequence based on Brinary jaccard, Bray curtis, and weighted UniFrac distance of ileal microbiota showed a distinct microbial differentiation between the CON and MOS groups (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Firmicutes in the MOS group was higher than that in the CON group, while the abundance of Verrucomicrobia was lower in the MOS group than that in the CON group at the phylum level (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Proteobacteria tended to decrease (p = 0.078) in the MOS group at the phylum level. The results of LEfSe analysis showed that MOS group was characterized by a higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus, while the CON group was represented by a higher relative abundance of Akkermansia and Ruminiclostridium_5. Our findings demonstrated that MOS supplementation during the neonatal period increases antioxidant capacity and reduces the inflammatory response, and promotes IgA secretion and Lactobacillus colonization in the ileum. Thus, MOS induced positive effects are more pronounced in neonatal goats that might be an effective approach to maintain intestinal health and improve the surviving rate of neonatal ruminants.

Effects of organic trace minerals chelated with oligosaccharides on growth performance, blood parameters, slaughter performance and meat quality in sheep

“…Furthermore, the increase of immunoglobulins in the OTM group may be also relate to the immune stimulation of oligosaccharides ( 45 , 46 ). Some oligosaccharide (such as mannan) itself is involved in the formation of immunoglobulins (glycoproteins) ( 47 ).…”

Effects of β-mannanase supplementation on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs

“…Thus, this may be partly due to mannan oligosaccharides from the hydrolysis of β-mannans which can help reduce intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage by potentially multiple mechanisms. Firstly, by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria, mannan oligosaccharides may suppress harmful bacteria that trigger the activation of intestinal immune cells, subsequently reducing inflammatory cytokines ( Yang et al., 2021 ). Additionally, by enhancing intestinal barrier function, mannan oligosaccharides may prevent the infiltration of pathogenic bacteria and their toxins into the circulatory, leading to a potential decrease in reducing the activation of immune cells, especially B lymphocytes for immunoglobulin production ( Kim et al., 2016 ; Yang et al., 2021 ; Lu et al., 2022 ).…”

Mannan oligosaccharides improve the fur quality of raccoon dogs by regulating the gut microbiota

“…Our results indicated that adding different levels of MOS to the diet can improve the immune function of fur-growing raccoon dogs. It has also been found that adding MOS to goat milk can regulate the serum IgG content of newborn goats ( Yang et al, 2022 ). Meanwhile, Zhou et al (2019) discovered that supplementing broiler feed with MOS substantially increases IgG and IgM levels ( Zhou et al, 2019 ).…”