Supplements, nutrition, and alternative therapies for the treatment of traumatic brain injury

Lucke‐Wold, Brandon; Logsdon, Aric F.; Nguyen, Linda; Eltanahay, Ahmed; Turner, Ryan C.; Bonasso, Patrick C.; Knotts, Chelsea; Moeck, Adam; Maroon, Joseph C.; Bailes, Julian E.; Rosen, Charles L.

doi:10.1080/1028415x.2016.1236174

Cited by 75 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Dietary treatments in the form of early enteral nutrition and intake of glutamine, arginine, nucleotides, and omega-3 fatty acids are another potential therapy that stimulates immune cells and promotes gut barrier health [ 106 ]. Vitamins and minerals such as nicotinamide, zinc, and magnesium have also shown potential in pre-clinical models [ 107 ].…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Traumatic Brain Injury and the Gut Microbiome: Insights into Novel Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Injury and Promising Targets for Neuroprotection

et al. 2018

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The gut microbiome and its role in health and disease have recently been major focus areas of research. In this review, we summarize the different ways in which the gut microbiome interacts with the rest of the body, with focus areas on its relationships with immunity, the brain, and injury. The gut–brain axis, a communication network linking together the central and enteric nervous systems, represents a key bidirectional pathway with feed-forward and feedback mechanisms. The gut microbiota has a central role in this pathway and is significantly altered following injury, leading to a pro-inflammatory state within the central nervous system (CNS). Herein, we examine traumatic brain injury (TBI) in relation to this axis and explore potential interventions, which may serve as targets for improving clinical outcomes and preventing secondary brain injury.

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Section: Potential Therapeutic Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Traumatic Brain Injury and the Gut Microbiome: Insights into Novel Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Injury and Promising Targets for Neuroprotection

et al. 2018

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“…However, therapies that warrant further investigation based on positive results from research studies, case histories, antidotal evidence, and widespread popularity include acupuncture; Ayurveda; electroencephalograph therapy and HBOT; chiropractic manipulation; CranioSacral therapy, art and recreation therapies; herbal and homeopathic supplements; ketogenic diet; massage; meditation and mindfulness practices; neurobiofeedback; nutrition; t'ai chi; and yoga. 16 To date, the use of nutritional therapy and HBOT show the most promising outcomes for treatment of secondary TBI injuries.…”

Section: Functional Medicine Approach To Tbismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Dr. Haltiwanger reports success in his practice with this TBI protocol, objective research is still needed in this area to substantiate his results. Table 1 16,18,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] provides a summary of nutrition therapies that could be of benefit in TBI treatment.…”

Section: Nutrition Therapies For Tbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Medicine Approach to Traumatic Brain Injury

Richer

2017

Medical Acupuncture

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The U.S. military has seen dramatic increases in traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) among military personnel due to the nature of modern-day conflicts. Conventional TBI treatment for secondary brain injuries has suboptimal success rates, and patients, families, and healthcare professionals are increasingly turning to alternative medicine treatments. Effective treatments for the secondary injury cascades that occur after an initial brain trauma are unclear at this time. The goal of successful treatment options for secondary TBI injuries is to reduce oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and inflammation while supporting mitochondrial functions and repair of membranes, synapses, and axons. A new paradigm of medical care, known as functional medicine, is increasing in popularity and acceptance. Functional medicine combines conventional treatment methods with complementary, genetic, holistic, and nutritional therapies. The approach is to assess the patient as a whole person, taking into account the interconnectedness of the body and its unique reaction to disease, injury, and illness while working to restore balance and optimal health. Functional medicine treatment recommendations often include the use of acupuncture, Ayurveda, chiropractic manipulation, detoxification programs, herbal and homeopathic supplements, specialized diets, massage, meditation and mindfulness practices, neurobiofeedback, nutritional supplements, , and yoga. At present, some of these alternative treatments appear to be beneficial, but more research is needed to validate reported outcomes. Few clinical studies validate the effectiveness of alternative therapies for TBIs. However, further clinical trials and empirical studies warrant further investigation based on some reported positive results from research studies, case histories, anecdotal evidence, and widespread popularity of some approaches. To date, only nutritional therapies and hyperbaric oxygen therapy have shown the most promise and potential for improved outcomes for the treatment of secondary TBI injuries.

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“…The evidence involving human subjects is still very limited . Other nutritional approaches and nutraceuticals have been examined for therapeutic benefit in the setting of mTBI, and comprehensive reviews of these topics have been recently published . This review will explore potential therapeutic mechanisms for ketosis in the setting of a mTBI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic ketosis for mild traumatic brain injury

Crownover

Holland

2019

Transl Sports Med

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Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are common in the United States, especially in the athlete and pediatric populations. Treatment options to expedite the recovery process are limited. The immediate disruption of cellular metabolism in the brain contributes to the pathophysiological cascade that occurs after a TBI. Recent studies show that providing ketone bodies via supplementation, a very-low-carbohydrate diet, or fasting improves cellular metabolism and reduces the pathophysiological features of a TBI. The current review presents the damaging physiological processes that occur after a mild TBI and illustrates the potential therapeutic nature of ketosis as it relates to each occurrence including ionic imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic deficiencies, oxidative stress, cerebral blood flow, and neuroinflammation. K E Y W O R D Sbeta-hydroxybutyrate, cerebral metabolism, concussion, ketogenic diet, traumatic brain injury How to cite this article: Emery Joseph Crownover J, Holland AM. Therapeutic ketosis for mild traumatic brain injury. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:279-286.

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Supplements, nutrition, and alternative therapies for the treatment of traumatic brain injury

Cited by 75 publications

References 126 publications

A Review of Traumatic Brain Injury and the Gut Microbiome: Insights into Novel Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Injury and Promising Targets for Neuroprotection

A Review of Traumatic Brain Injury and the Gut Microbiome: Insights into Novel Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Injury and Promising Targets for Neuroprotection

Functional Medicine Approach to Traumatic Brain Injury

Therapeutic ketosis for mild traumatic brain injury

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