Supply Chain Coordination in the Presence of Gray Markets and Strategic Consumers

Ahmadi, Reza; Iravani, Foad; Mamani, Hamed

doi:10.1111/poms.12635

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Počas prepravy dochádza k umelému prerušovaniu prepravy z dôvodu odoberania pôvodných prepravných dokladov a vyrábania, výmeny nových prepravných dokladov (Mukherjee a Zhao, 2012). Zmyslom neutralizácie nákladného listu by malo byť zabezpečenie obchodného tajomstva, kde predajca chce zabrániť tomu aby príjemca poznal výrobcu a jeho nákupné podmienky (Ahmadi a Yang, 2000;Ahmadi et al, 2017). Z výskumu " Poliak et al,(2019) vyplýva, že pri neutralizácii prepravných dokladov taktiež môže dochádzať k porušovaniu právneho poriadku v Slovenskej republike zo strany predajcu, presnejšie k porušeniu zákona č.…”

Section: úVodunclassified

Dopad Neutralizácie Prepravných Dokumentov Na Zodpovednosť Cestného Dopravcu

Poliak¹,

Tomicová²

2020

Perner's Contacts

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V roku 1956 bol prijatý významný dokument v oblasti cestnej nákladnej dopravy - Dohovor CMR. Jeho prijatím sa zjednotili niektoré pravidlá v medzinárodnej preprave tovarov. Zjednotila sa najmä sprievodná dokumentácia zásielky a zodpovednosť cestného dopravcu. Od prijatia Dohovoru CMR sa zmenil spôsob výpočtu zodpovednosti dopravcu, ktorý zaviedol Protokol k Dohovoru CMR. Protokol zmenil systém výpočtu zodpovednosti zo zlatého franku na systém založený na zvláštnych právach čerpania Sprievodná dokumentácia je zjednotená v cestnej nákladnej doprave v podobe nákladného listu CMR. Preukázalo sa, že neutralizácia nákladného listu sa v niektorých prípadoch využíva pri podvode na odosielateľovi. Cieľom príspevku je zistiť dopad využívania neutralizácie nákladného listu na zodpovednosť dopravcu a postoj poisťovne voči dopravcovi v prípade preukázania neutralizácie nákladného listu CMR. Z dôvodu, že prijatie Protokolu nie je samozrejmosťou, existujú členské krajiny Dohovoru, ktoré Protokol neprijali. Vzhľadom na to, že v súčasnosti teda existujú dva spôsoby ohraničenia zodpovednosti cestného dopravcu, chceme taktiež poukázať na dôležitosť prijatia Protokolu k Dohovoru CMR a jeho vplyv na konkurencieschopnosť v prípade ak dopravcovi hrozí riziko z vykonania neutralizácie.

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Section: úVodunclassified

Dopad Neutralizácie Prepravných Dokumentov Na Zodpovednosť Cestného Dopravcu

Poliak¹,

Tomicová²

2020

Perner's Contacts

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“…When

w_{0} = α false(1 - z false) + z

, then the retail price under quantity discount is equal to the retail price in a centralized supply chain without GM(see the online Appendix for details), and the quantity discount contract coordinates the supply chain. However, in the presence of GM, for a quantity discount contract, the retailer pays to the manufacturer a per unit price that can be expressed as (Ahmadi et al., ):

w_{m} false(Q_{r}^{Q D} false) = α false(1 - z false) + z - α Q_{r}^{Q D}

.…”

Section: Quantity Discount Contractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supply Chain Contracts in the Presence of Gray Markets

Srivastava

Mateen

2019

Decision Sciences

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Abuse of channel incentives by a manufacturer's authorized retailers often encourages gray markets to emerge, which affects supply chain profit as well as the manufacturer's brand image. Therefore, myopically selecting a product distribution contract can be harmful. We analyze the performance of a number of contracts in the presence of a gray market—primarily wholesale price, revenue sharing, and quantity discounts—and analyze their impact on prices charged, quantity ordered, as well as profits. We also investigate their impact on consumer surplus and social welfare. Our results indicate that selection of an appropriate contract is quite crucial, as different contracts give different results across a variety of operating parameters. Their performance is governed by the relative trade‐offs involving diversion of excess quantity to the gray market at the end of the season, an extension of target market due to lower prices in the alternate channel, and the negative impact on the manufacturer's brand that also affects its revenue. We delineate these characteristics and find that, in general, the quantity discount contract performs the worst. Interestingly, if the blowback suffered by the manufacturer on account of product availability in the gray market is high, the wholesale price contract may outperform the other contracts, including the revenue‐sharing contract with a truthful retailer, which otherwise is a more attractive option. We discuss the implications of our analysis, and also provide strategies and pointers to manage the impact of gray markets.

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“…Ahmadi et al. () investigate how strategic consumer behavior affects supply chain coordination in the presence of grey market. They find that several contracts can help coordinate the supply chain, which could enhance consumer welfare.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selling luxury fashion to conspicuous consumers in the presence of discount sensitivity behavior

Zhou

Shen

2018

Int Trans Operational Res

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In the luxury fashion industry, with the possibility of stockout, conspicuous consumers may purchase products at the full price rather than wait for any potential discount. However, in the presence of a possible future discount, conspicuous consumers may also feel regret to purchase at the full price if they find that the product is still available at the markdown price. Considering the possible stockout and future discount, in this paper, we evaluate the firm's pricing and production decisions on conspicuous consumers in the presence of discount sensitivity behavior. We build up an analytical model and consider that the customer purchasing utility decreases with discount sensitivity if she/he purchases at the full price. The firm can create scarcity in the market by reducing inventory to induce customers to purchase early. If the fraction of the customers with discount sensitivity is lower than a certain level, the firm should intentionally produce a large amount of products. Moreover, we find that product design enhancement can effectively weaken the negative effects of customer discount sensitivity on the quantity decisions. More managerial insights are discussed.

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Supply Chain Coordination in the Presence of Gray Markets and Strategic Consumers

Cited by 57 publications

References 52 publications

Dopad Neutralizácie Prepravných Dokumentov Na Zodpovednosť Cestného Dopravcu

Dopad Neutralizácie Prepravných Dokumentov Na Zodpovednosť Cestného Dopravcu

Supply Chain Contracts in the Presence of Gray Markets

Selling luxury fashion to conspicuous consumers in the presence of discount sensitivity behavior

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