Supplying high quality drinking water to remote communities in Scotland

Grose, A.B.F.; Smith, Alan Jay; Donn, A.; O'Donnell, James J.; Welch, D.

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(98)00075-7

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…For example, water system size results for residential systems (as measured by population served and number of connections) showed that the likelihood of being on an advisory increased as the size of the residential water system decreased. This finding supports ample evidence (Grose et al 1998;Jocoy 2000;AquaVic Water Solutions Inc. 2005;Geldreich 2005;Jones et al 2006;Eggertson 2008;Hrudey 2008, 2on; Office of the Ombudsman 2008; Patrick 2008, 2on;Hunter et al 2009, 2on;Kot et al 2on) showing that small residential water systems are more likely to be faced with persisting water qualify problems due to inadequate treatment and a lack of sufficient resources and capacify to address their infrastructure needs. The role of size for commercial systems presented an opposite trend.…”

Section: East Kootenay (Referent)mentioning

confidence: 58%

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Characteristics of small residential and commercial water systems that influence their likelihood of being on drinking water advisories in rural British Columbia, Canada: a cross-sectional study using administrative data

Edwards

Henderson

Struck

et al. 2012

Journal of Water and Health

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Health officials often lack information about characteristics that predict which water systems are most likely to be placed on and to persist on drinking water advisories (e.g. health warnings offering advice or information). This study uses data collected by the Interior Health Authority in British Columbia to characterize water systems on advisory for microbiological threats and to identify the variables associated with advisory status and length. By systematically extracting key characteristics, this study explores advisory status by examining associated variables: water systems size, administrative area, governance structure, water source, treatment level, and service type (e.g. residential or commercial systems). Results show residential and commercial water systems have different characteristics associated with advisory status and length. For residential systems, certain governance structures are more likely to be placed on and to stay on advisory, especially the cooperative governance structures not operated by local governments. For commercial systems, administrative area and system size were associated with advisory status, but not advisory length. The overall results highlight the influence of governance structure and support the need for targeted interventions to improve residential small water systems not operated by local governments or utilities. Lastly, these results show how health officials can use administrative data for program planning and evaluation.

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Section: East Kootenay (Referent)mentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Long lasting drinking water advisories occur most often among small water systems (SWSs), and experts agree that SWSs face a number of challenges meeting current water quality and treatment standards compared with larger municipal systems (Grose et al 1998;Jocoy 2000;AquaVic Water Solutions Inc. 2005 Kot et al 2on).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of small residential and commercial water systems that influence their likelihood of being on drinking water advisories in rural British Columbia, Canada: a cross-sectional study using administrative data

Edwards

Henderson

Struck

et al. 2012

Journal of Water and Health

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“…For these reasons, the raw water used for industrial purposes undergoes additional purification. The removal of suspended solids and colloids can be achieved by using UF [7,8], whereas RO process succeeds in maximum rejection of total dissolved solids (TDS) and organic compounds [9]. For other applications like salt separation or solvent recovery from industrial effluents, Electrodialysis (ED) technology has shown best hydraulic recovery and cost effectiveness compared to other membrane treatment technologies such as RO or UF [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of surface and ground water by hydrostatic pressure-driven membrane techniques: design and economic aspects

Manjunath

Madhumala

Prasad

et al. 2013

Desalination and Water Treatment

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A B S T R A C TIn recent years, membrane-based ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) have become popular worldwide as possible alternative methods to conventional ion exchange and clarification processes for the production of potable water. The performance of UF and RO membranes was evaluated for treatment of surface and ground water from Prakasam District of Andhra Pradesh, India; namely, jagarlamudi well water (JWW), jagarlamudi pond water (JPW), veerannapalem old pond water (VOPW), and veerannapalem new pond water (VNPW). Pilot-scale UF and RO systems were built indigenously by incorporating commercial hollow fiber polyacrylonitrile UF and thin film composite polyamide RO modules, respectively. Operating parameters such as feed concentration, pressure, and cross-flow velocity were varied to study their effect on membrane performance. Effect of fouling on flux and rejection characteristics of the membrane was evaluated. RO membrane exhibited a rejection of 96.4% for JWW and VOPW feeds with reasonable flux of 42.5 and 48 L m À2 h À1 , respectively, whereas, UF experiments with JPW and VNPW feeds revealed corresponding turbidity rejections of 95.6 and 98.2%. A mathematical model was developed for commercial RO system to simulate the process for establishing optimum operating conditions. A comparison of UF and RO processes for this application is presented along with useful details of equipment list, process flow diagram of commercial membrane plant, schematic of compact hollow fiber pilot plant, and detailed estimation of operating costs.

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Nanofiltration

2017

Science and Technology of Separation Membranes

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Supplying high quality drinking water to remote communities in Scotland

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Characteristics of small residential and commercial water systems that influence their likelihood of being on drinking water advisories in rural British Columbia, Canada: a cross-sectional study using administrative data

Characteristics of small residential and commercial water systems that influence their likelihood of being on drinking water advisories in rural British Columbia, Canada: a cross-sectional study using administrative data

Processing of surface and ground water by hydrostatic pressure-driven membrane techniques: design and economic aspects

Nanofiltration

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