Supporting a Healthy Planet, Healthy People and Health Equity through Urban and Territorial Planning

Grant, Marcus; Siri, José G.; Gatzweiler, Franz W.; Dora, Carlos; Aerts, Jens; Nandudu, Sarah; Claeson, Alice; Carbajal, Pamela; Roebbel, Nathalie; Petrella, Laura; Sá, Thiago Hérick de

doi:10.1080/02697459.2021.2000144

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Despite much interest in healthy, sustainable cities, currently they are often on the margins of urban planning and design, not the centre (Forsyth, 2022;Grant et al, 2022) Ania Ankowska https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-3749…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A set of 99 healthy city indicators for application in urban planning and design

Bafarasat

Cheshmehzangi

Ankowska

2023

Sustainable Development

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Despite much interest in healthy, sustainable cities, currently they are often on the margins of urban planning and design, not the centre. Part of the reason for this is technical. Many planners are interested in designing healthier cities but wonder how to link their objectives with actions. This study develops 99 indicators for a healthy city. The basis for the development of indicators was the 11 objectives of a healthy city according to the World Health Organisation. Application of these indicators helps push healthy city objectives to the centre of urban planning and design in two ways: (I) the indicators can show gap with each objective; and (II) monitoring the indicators over time can show the performance of solutions for each objective. It is possible to explore synergies and trade-offs between the 11 objectives of healthy cities by examining the relationships between their 99 indicators. Trade-offs between healthy city objectives in some contexts might require local adjustment of these objectives. This, in turn, would require adjustment of their indicators. Thus, the set of 99 indicators can be used as a starting point in an iterative process of adapting healthy city objectives and indicators to local circumstances. K E Y W O R D S cities, healthy city, indicators, sustainable development, urban design, urban health, urban planning 1 | INTRODUCTION There are several sets of indicators for healthy cities, so why does this study develop another one? The existing sets of indicators are organised in categories of health determinants. So, if these indicators are meant to detect gaps with the objectives of healthy cities and show problem areas, it is unclear what indicators relate to what objectives. As indicators do not flow from objectives, it is also difficult to understand if some indicators are missing, less relevant or more critical. This study aims to develop healthy city indicators that flow from healthy city objectives. It involves a mixed-method study that results in a set of essential indicators. Most of indicators of this study are either refined from existing indicators or new indicators to match the objectives of healthy cities. 1.1 | Healthy city: Context and significance "A healthy city is one that puts health, social wellbeing, equity and sustainable development at the centre of local policies, strategies and programmes based on core values of the right to health and-wellbeing, peace, social justice, gender equality, solidarity, social inclusion and sustainable development and guided by

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A set of 99 healthy city indicators for application in urban planning and design

Bafarasat

Cheshmehzangi

Ankowska

2023

Sustainable Development

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“…BNG uses a metric to measure changes in habitats associated with development; HNG might define health by changes in determinants of health, associated health outcomes, or both. 8 Challenges presented by the status quo include the variety of outcome measures used, the nonquantification of adjudged qualitatively unimportant effects, and the varying extent to which causal or associative relationships are known or addressed. Existing frame works are, however, beginning to articulate pathways from actions to outcomes and the strength of evidence linking health to different aspects of the built and natural environment.…”

Section: Methodological Considerations: At the Development Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 These challenges underscore the need for innovative, compre hensive, consistent, and clear approaches to sustainable urban development that systematically prioritise health and wellbeing. This need is reflected by responses to international initiatives such as the New Urban Agenda [6][7][8] and is long recognised in England, 4,9 in which notable spatial inequalities and a discretionary (consentbased) planning system invite public health advocacy. [10][11][12] In this Personal View, we explore how health might be bolstered considering the introduction of net gain objectives in environmental and spatial planning policies in England from 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Our Personal View argues that parallels exist between the protection and improvement of nature and health, and that lessons from the operationalisation of BNG in the English planning system can inform the development of a com parable framework for health that could be applied in other national contexts, support ing international actions to bring health to the fore. 8 Recognising emerging arguments for the consideration of health as a distinct policy objective and outcome, 7,8,[20][21][22] this Personal View explores a new mandate for health net gain (HNG) in spatial planning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can the implementation of net gain requirements in England's planning system be applied to health?

Stewart-Evans,

Koksal,

Chang

2024

The Lancet Planetary Health

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“…• The "restorative cities" perspective [44] offers a view of how urban design can favour mental health and wellbeing through restorative environments made by equal accesses (inclusive), nature at the core (green), access to water (blue), five senses immersing (sensory), social cohesion (neighbourly), wellbeing through mobility (active), and creativity and play (playable). • The WHO [3,45] introduced suggestions, best practices, and entry points for health as inputs and outcomes in urban design and territorial planning.…”

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confidence: 99%

Healthy and Inclusive Neighbourhoods: A Design Research Toolkit for the Promotion of Healthy Behaviours

Busciantella-Ricci,

Macchi,

Viviani

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Addressing urban health through the built environment requires cross-disciplinary approaches, where design plays a crucial role. Gaining insights from a design-led research perspective to find situated solutions for promoting healthy behaviours is a requirement that must be clarified. Therefore, we ask the following question: what kind of design research instruments may help in applying the urban health approach from a design-led perspective? With this research question, and to contribute to the mentioned issues to be clarified, this paper presents the application of a framework adopted in a local action research project, namely the Healthy Neighbourhoods Hub (HNH) research project. The HNH framework was used as a design research toolkit for collecting contextual data and identifying insights to build scenarios and strategies for all the involved design disciplines. Around 169 participants among local stakeholders and citizens in two case studies in the city of Florence (Italy) were involved in semi-structured interviews, Healthy Labs, and Open Space Lab. As a result, the participatory activities provided a wide variety of qualitative data, such as themes related to user needs (n = 15), critical issues and points of weakness (n = 32), potentialities and points of strength (n = 27), strategies (n = 38), design insights (n = 30), and a collection of 40 local projects (40 in 5 themes), that contributed to the subsequent co-design activities of the project. This richness suggests the potential of using the adopted resources to build the HNH Toolkit as a design research instrument for addressing urban health and gaining design knowledge for the promotion of healthy behaviours through the design of the built environment.

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Supporting a Healthy Planet, Healthy People and Health Equity through Urban and Territorial Planning

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

A set of 99 healthy city indicators for application in urban planning and design

A set of 99 healthy city indicators for application in urban planning and design

Can the implementation of net gain requirements in England's planning system be applied to health?

Healthy and Inclusive Neighbourhoods: A Design Research Toolkit for the Promotion of Healthy Behaviours

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