“…Previous studies on the applications based on geographic information system (GIS) have focused on landscape and urban planning (Bijker & Sijstma, 2017;Brown, Schebella, & Weber, 2014), ecosystem services assessment (Damastuti & de Groot, 2019;Lopes & Videria, 2015), land use planning (Hessel et al, 2009;Ioki et al, 2019), analysis of land use perceptions (Mapedza, Wright, & Fawcett, 2003), integrated coastal management (Käyhkö et al, 2019), and natural resource management in indigenous settlements (Smith, 2003). Moreover, the applications of either GIS technology or GIS in the Philippines context have mostly focused on assessing and monitoring land use (Endo et al, 2017;Mialhe et al, 2015) and landslide hazard (Alejandrino, Lagmay, & Eco, 2016;Oh & Lee, 2011;Opiso, Puno, Alburo, & Detalla, 2016).…”