“…Because APPRAISAL analysis depends on the reader's positioning, it is possible that the same text can be interpreted in more than one way. Nevertheless, as the system is a highly organized set of linguistic options, a great number of researchers have adopted the APPRAISAL system to study attitudes and dialogic positionings of speakers and writers in a wide variety of contexts (e.g., Banari, Bardide, & Bordbar, 2017;Chu, 2014;Coffin, 2005;Cunningham, 2018;Ghasani & Sofwan, 2017;Huffman, 2015;Liu, 2013;Liu & McCabe, 2018;Liu & Thompson, 2009;Mori, 2017;Ngo & Unsworth, 2015). Written academic language proficiency in English…”