Supportive and Palliative Care in Solid Cancer Patients

Hassan, Bassam Abdul Rasool; Yusoff, Mohamed Azmi Hassali Zuraidah Binti Mohd; Othman, Saad Bin

doi:10.5772/55358

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Management of BPF requires a long treatment time, but the first step is to prevent life- threatening clinical deterioration such as sepsis, tension pneumothorax, and respiratory failure [ 20 ]. Protecting the contralateral lung from aspiration of pleural fluid is essential to reduce the risk of pneumonia and respiratory failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant bronchopleural fistula and empyema in a tuberculosis patient with diabetes mellitus: Vista from a high tuberculosis burden country in Southeast Asia

Yanti

Hadi

Harrika

et al. 2022

Narra J

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Bronchopleural fistula is a pathological tract between the bronchial tree and the pleural space, which can be life-threatening due to tension pneumothorax. It is a rare complication in tuberculosis cases with highly variable in clinical manifestations and persistent air leaks which might lead to complications such as empyema. Herein, we present a tuberculosis and diabetic patient complicated with giant bronchopleural fistula and empyema. A 48-year-old man presented with shortness of breath for two weeks and cough with phlegm for two months. The patient was a smoker with severe Brinkman Index and diabetes. Physical examination revealed hyper resonant percussion and vesicular diminished on the left hemithorax. Laboratory results indicated the patient had anemia, leukocytosis, and hypoalbuminemia. GeneXpert sputum confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and chest X-ray indicated a collapsed left lung. The patient was diagnosed with left secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, pulmonary tuberculosis, and diabetes. The patient was treated with chest tube drainage and anti-tuberculosis drugs. There was no improvement based on serial chest X-ray, and empyema appeared from the chest tube. CT-scan showed tuberculosis lesion, the collapsed of the left lung and fistula in segments 7-8 inferior lobe. Exploratory thoracostomy was performed, in which a giant bronchopleural fistula was detected and then repaired with BioGlue surgical adhesive. Unfortunately, the thoracostomy led to extensive subcutaneous emphysema and was treated by cervical mediastinotomy. The drainage was unable to be removed, and the patient was discharged with Heimlich-type drainage valves on day 28 of treatment. The empyema fluid was cultured and revealed Staphylococcus haemolyticus. This case highlights that tuberculosis could cause a bronchopleural fistula and empyema may occur secondary to late diagnosis that needs immediate surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant bronchopleural fistula and empyema in a tuberculosis patient with diabetes mellitus: Vista from a high tuberculosis burden country in Southeast Asia

Yanti

Hadi

Harrika

et al. 2022

Narra J

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“…The thermochemical pathway is a high-temperature operation to convert biomass into solid, liquid, and gaseous intermediate fuels with the pairing of two or more conversion methods. The coupling of two or more conversion technologies could increase the product diversification and identify optimum process parameters, while the biochemical pathway refers to the production of pure, clean, and efficient products within the premises of enzymatic matrices [5]. Hence, coupling two or more process technologies and a variety of feedstocks could enhance the energy production and supply chain in the global energy market security.…”

Section: Biomass-to-biofuel Conversion Technologies and End Products Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomass-to-biofuel conversion can provide environmental, economic, and strategic benefits, due being processed from non-food competitive sources [4]. Depending on the adopted conversion technology, desired products, and accessibility of feedstock's, fuels which are derived from biomass may be solid, liquid, or gas [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative Energy Potential and Conversion Efficiency of Biomass into Target Biofuels: A Case Study in Ethiopian Sugar Industry- Wonji-Shoa

Sharew

Montastruc

Yimam

et al. 2022

Biomass

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Global energy security relies on fossil-based resources that are affiliated with the source of global warming, apart from punches of political and economic instabilities. Biomass is a promising alternative carbonaceous feedstock used for the production of clean energy that could have the potential to substitute for fossil fuels. This study aims to present a conceptual design that considers the criteria to identify the upper theoretical limits of biomass conversion, thus providing the potential approach to the conversion of three biomass (by-products: dry molasses, dry bagasse, and dry filter cake) through gasification, in order to contribute the biomass carbon-capturing by the model assessment of stoichiometric mass conversion and energy efficiency indicators into simple thermodynamic energy vectors, such as alcohols, alkanes, and syngas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen). Modeling plays up the importance of stoichiometric efficiency of biomass conversion with the supply of oxygen and hydrogen. This realizes that the multi-product diversification of feedstock into syngas, hydrocarbons, and alcohol through integrated process schemes could have the potential to fill the energy gap and help to manage environmental load. In regard to biomass conversion results, the mass conversion and energy conversion efficiencies of dry bagasse have better conversion potential than molasses and F. cake (% mass conversion = 129 in syngas, 54.4 in alkane, and 43.4 in alcohol; % energy conversion = 94.3 in syngas and 93.3 in alkane and alcohol).

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Applications of Plant Secondary Metabolites in the Food Industry

Petropoulos

2023

Natural Secondary Metabolites

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Supportive and Palliative Care in Solid Cancer Patients

Cited by 13 publications

References 78 publications

Giant bronchopleural fistula and empyema in a tuberculosis patient with diabetes mellitus: Vista from a high tuberculosis burden country in Southeast Asia

Giant bronchopleural fistula and empyema in a tuberculosis patient with diabetes mellitus: Vista from a high tuberculosis burden country in Southeast Asia

Alternative Energy Potential and Conversion Efficiency of Biomass into Target Biofuels: A Case Study in Ethiopian Sugar Industry- Wonji-Shoa

Applications of Plant Secondary Metabolites in the Food Industry

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