Suppression of axillary odor and control of axillary bacterial flora by erythritol

Abstract

Many microorganisms are present in the human intestines and skin, and are classified according to those that contribute to health and diseases. Therefore, the selective suppression of the growth of microorganisms involved in diseases and unpleasant odors may result in the establishment of a good symbiotic relationship between microorganisms and humans. 1 Axillary odor is caused by the metabolism of secretions from the apocrine glands of the axilla into volatile substances by indigenous bacteria on the skin. 2 Short and medium-chain volatile fatty acids, 16-androstene steroids, and thioalcohols produced by the genus Corynebacterium are the primary causal agents of odors, and the biotransformation of them by other gram-positive bacteria of the genera such as Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, and Propionibacterium causes unpleasant odors. 3 Furthermore, previous

Ribotype‐dependent growth inhibition and promotion by erythritol in Cutibacterium acnes

“…In our previous study, an analysis of the axillary microbiota revealed that the relative abundance of the predominant genus, either Staphylococcus , Corynebacterium , or Cutibacterium , in each subject decreased after the application of a test product containing erythritol 18 . Microbial diversity was significantly higher after the application of erythritol 18 . Rich microbial diversity is well characterized as evidence of a healthy microbiota in several human organs, including the skin 7,25,26 .…”

“…Furthermore, it suppressed the growth of S. gordonii , an indigenous oral bacterium, and Porphyromonas gingivalis , a periodontal disease bacterium, by inhibiting several metabolic pathways, such as the nucleic acid synthesis pathway and glycolytic pathway 17 . We demonstrated that erythritol suppressed the growth of Corynebacterium minutissimum , Corynebacterium striatum , and Staphylococcus epidermidis , the causative bacteria of axillary and foot odor 18 . The metabolism of erythritol by C. acnes has only been partly characterized, 19 and the RT‐dependent responses of C. acnes to erythritol remain unclear.…”

“…Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, or Cutibacterium, in each subject decreased after the application of a test product containing erythritol. 18 Microbial diversity was significantly higher after the application of erythritol. 18 Rich microbial diversity is well characterized as evidence of a healthy microbiota in several human organs, including the skin.…”

“…17 We demonstrated that erythritol suppressed the growth of Corynebacterium minutissimum, Corynebacterium striatum, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, the causative bacteria of axillary and foot odor. 18 The metabolism of erythritol by C. acnes has only been partly characterized, 19 and the RT-dependent responses of C. acnes to erythritol remain unclear.…”

Treatment of Axillary Osmidrosis by Rebalancing Skin Microecology With Lactobacillus bulgaricus

“…We decided to study whether the employment of probiotics on the skin could change the composition and diversity of its microbiome and further improve the performance of bromhidrosis (Starkenmann et al, 2005 ; Callewaert et al, 2017 ; Fujii et al, 2021 ). We investigated the effects of Lactobacillus bulgaricus treatment on the armpit microecological environment and its efficacy for AO treatment.…”