Suppression of pointing instability in quantum cascade lasers by transverse mode control

Bouzi, Pierre M.; Liu, Peter Q.; Aung, Nyan; Wang, Xiaojun; Fan, Jen-Yu; Troccoli, Mariano; Gmachl, Claire F.

doi:10.1063/1.4798656

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…An important advantage of such research is the possibility of designing structures with intentionally increased losses for unwanted modes in a laser beam. Such an example for a mid-infrared semiconductor laser has been presented [ 31 ] where the higher order modes were removed. The available measurements, however, were performed and shown only for the far-field pattern of the device (and with 1 mm intervals between the measurement points).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Metal-Semiconductor Nanothermocouple Fabricated by FIB to Investigate Laser Beams with Nanometer Spatial Resolution

Łaszcz

Czerwiński

Pruszyńska-Karbownik

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The focused ion beam (FIB) technique was used to fabricate a nanothermocouple (with a 90 nm wide nanojunction) based on a metal–semiconductor (Pt–Si) structure, which showed a sensitivity up to 10 times larger (with Seebeck coefficient up to 140 µV/K) than typical metal–metal nanothermocouples. In contrast to the fabrication of nanothermocouples which requires a high-tech semiconductor manufacturing line with sophisticated fabrication techniques, environment, and advanced equipment, FIB systems are available in many research laboratories without the need for a high-tech environment, and the described processing is performed relatively quickly by a single operator. The linear response of the manufactured nanothermocouple enabled sensitive measurements even with small changes of temperature when heated with a stream of hot air. A nonlinear response of the nanothermocouple (up to 83.85 mV) was observed during the exposition to an argon-laser beam with a high optical power density (up to 17.4 Wcm−2), which was also used for the laser annealing of metal–semiconductor interfaces. The analysis of the results implies the application of such nanothermocouples, especially for the characterization of laser beams with nanometer spatial resolution. Improvements of the FIB processing should lead to an even higher Seebeck coefficient of the nanothermocouples; e.g., in case of the availability of other suitable metal sources (e.g., Cr).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Metal-Semiconductor Nanothermocouple Fabricated by FIB to Investigate Laser Beams with Nanometer Spatial Resolution

Łaszcz

Czerwiński

Pruszyńska-Karbownik

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…However, BH structures are not always able to achieve large ridge widths for high beam quality output, which usually requires control within 7-8 µm [25]. And the preparation process of the BH structure is complex, with low yield, making large-scale production challenging [26]. To overcome these limitations, adopting a double channel ridge structure can achieve a wider ridge width while maintaining single spatial mode output, reducing process difficulty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Power Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Laser with Large Emitter Width

Wang,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Photonics

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High-power quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) have a wide application prospect. In this paper, a high-power high-beam-quality device with a large ridge width is demonstrated. The effect of different ridge widths on mode loss was studied, and the results showed that the mode loss decreased as the ridge width increased. Furthermore, as the width of the ridge increased, the temperature of the active region rose. In the experiment, the wafers were grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and the ridge width of the device was controlled by wet etching. A laser with a ridge width of 15 µm and a length of 5 mm achieved an output of 2.2 W under 288 K continuous wave (CW) operation, with a maximum slow-axis divergence angle of 27.2° and a device wavelength of 5 μm. The research results of this article promote the industrial production of base transverse mode QCL.

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“…Generally higher-order modes are undesirable, mainly because of their large diffraction losses. There have been attempts to increase discrimination between the transverse modes (Bouzi et al 2013), but according to our knowledge, there has been no analysis of causes of the weak mode discrimination in typical QCLs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field distribution in waveguide of mid-infrared strain-compensated InAlAs/InGaAs/InP quantum cascade laser

et al. 2017

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In this paper we present calculated mode distributions in double-trench mesa waveguide of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) and far-field distributions of the QCL beam-both calculated and experimental. We have computed electric field distribution in the waveguide, confinement factor and mode absorption for different transversal modes and far-field distributions based on them. The parameters of the modes were calculated for various sizes: width and length, of the QCL waveguide. The maximal mesa width for single-transverse-mode operation was determined to be about 0.7 times wavelength. This value and the mode discrimination depend only slightly on the resonator length. To verify experimentally the results of the simulations we have measured power distribution in the far field by using goniometric profiler. The measured distribution agrees well with the results of the numerical calculations.

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Suppression of pointing instability in quantum cascade lasers by transverse mode control

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Sensitive Metal-Semiconductor Nanothermocouple Fabricated by FIB to Investigate Laser Beams with Nanometer Spatial Resolution

Sensitive Metal-Semiconductor Nanothermocouple Fabricated by FIB to Investigate Laser Beams with Nanometer Spatial Resolution

High-Power Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Laser with Large Emitter Width

Field distribution in waveguide of mid-infrared strain-compensated InAlAs/InGaAs/InP quantum cascade laser

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