Suppression of residual amplitude modulation appeared in commercial electro-optic modulator to improve iodine-frequency-stabilized laser diode using frequency modulation spectroscopy

Duong, Quang Thang; Nguyen, Thanh Dong; Vu, Thanh Tung; Higuchi, Masato; Wei, Dong; Aketagawa, Masato

doi:10.1186/s41476-018-0092-x

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This made it possible to adjust the polarization of the beam at the input and output of the EOM. Regarding the etalon effect, we implemented a correction of the optical path inside the modulator through a control of the temperature of the crystal as described in [11] as well. The RAM suppression system is shown in figure 2.…”

Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Digital Control of Residual Amplitude Modulation for Ultra-Stable Optical Cavity

Talla

Denis

Lacroûte

et al. 2020

2020 Joint Conference of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and International Symposium on Applications of Ferr

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In this work, we present a technique to control and reduce the residual amplitude modulation (RAM) in the cavitystabilized laser, which is one of the main limitations of these systems. The RAM rises from polarization mismatch between electro-optic modulator (EOM) axis and polarizers implemented for the generation of the error signal by the Pound-Drever-Hall technique. Using digital control system, we have developed a simple and robust technique for an active reduction of the RAM acting on the temperature of the EOM in addition with a DC and high voltage applied accross the EOM crystal. We observe a reduction of the RAM to 0.25 ppm compatible with a fractional frequency stability in the low 1e −16 around 10s.

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Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From literature we found two explanations of the RAM. The first comes from interferences between multiple reflections inside the crystal [11], [12] and the second from polarization misalignment between the front polarizer and the fast axis of the EOM crytal [9]- [11].…”

Section: Residual Amplitude Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Control of Residual Amplitude Modulation for Ultra-Stable Optical Cavity

Talla

Denis

Lacroûte

et al. 2020

2020 Joint Conference of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and International Symposium on Applications of Ferr

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“…Laser frequency stabilization is mandatory for many applications, including optical gyroscopes [1,2], gravitational wave detection [3], spectroscopy [4], refractometry [5], etc. The tracking of the resonance frequency of a cavity can be achieved by observing the light transmitted or reflected by the cavity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other part of the beam is then free from any RAM and can be used to lock the laser frequency on the reference cavity resonance. This method has been shown to be very efficient when there is no polarization dependent component on the two beam paths, for instance when both beams propagate in free space [4,8,11]. Several studies, based on this technique, propose complementary approaches to actively or passively compensate the RAM effect [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New method for residual amplitude modulation control in fibered optical experiments

Descampeaux,

Feugnet,

Bretenaker

2021

Preprint

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When locking the frequency of a laser to an optical cavity resonance, the residual amplitude modulation (RAM), which accompanies the phase modulation necessary to build the error signal, is a major limitation to the frequency stability. We show that the popular method demonstrated by Wong and Hall to cancel this effect, and based on the measurment of the RAM using an auxiliary detector, is not suitable in the case of optical setups including birefringent elements and polarization dependent losses, such as guided-wave optical systems. We propose and demonstrate a new method, using a single photodetector, to generate the two error signals and demonstrate its usefulness in the case of fibered systems.

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“…Therefore, electro-optic modulators (EOMs) and frequency shifters are unnecessary. The systems are stable and compact and do not suffer from the residual amplitude modulation effect of EOMs [20][21][22][23]. The relative frequency stability of locked LDs can reach 10 −9 or 10 −11 , and they can improve the measurement accuracy of laser interferometers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Displacement Measuring Interferometer Based on a Frequency-Locked Laser Diode with High Modulation Frequency

Hoang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

Self Cite

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Laser interferometers can achieve a nanometer-order uncertainty of measurements when their frequencies are locked to the reference frequencies of the atom or molecule transitions. There are three types of displacement-measuring interferometers: homodyne, heterodyne, and frequency modulation (FM) interferometers. Among these types of interferometer, the FM interferometer has many advantageous features. The interference signal is a series of time-dependent harmonics of modulation frequency, so the phase shift can be detected accurately using the synchronous detection method. Moreover, the FM interferometer is the most suitable for combination with a frequency-locked laser because both require frequency modulation. In previous research, low modulation frequencies at some tens of kHz have been used to lock the frequency of laser diodes (LDs). The low modulation frequency for the laser source means that the maximum measurement speed of the FM interferometers is limited. This paper proposes a novel contribution regarding the application of a high-frequency modulation for an LD to improve both the frequency stability of the laser source and the measurement speed of the FM interferometer. The frequency of the LD was locked to an I2 hyperfine component at 1 MHz modulation frequency. A high bandwidth lock-in amplifier was utilized to detect the saturated absorption signals of the I2 hyperfine structure and induce the signal to lock the frequency of the LD. The locked LD was then used for an FM displacement measuring interferometer. Moreover, a suitable modulation amplitude that affected the signal-to-noise ratio of both the I2 absorption signal and the harmonic intensity of the interference signal was determined. In order to verify the measurement resolution of the proposed interferometer, the displacement induced by a piezo electric actuator was concurrently measured by the interferometer and a capacitive sensor. The difference of the displacement results was less than 20 nm. To evaluate the measurement speed, the interferometer was used to measure the axial error of a high-speed spindle at 500 rpm. The main conclusion of this study is that a stable displacement interferometer with high accuracy and a high measurement speed can be achieved using an LD frequency locked to an I2 hyperfine transition at a high modulation frequency.

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Suppression of residual amplitude modulation appeared in commercial electro-optic modulator to improve iodine-frequency-stabilized laser diode using frequency modulation spectroscopy

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Digital Control of Residual Amplitude Modulation for Ultra-Stable Optical Cavity

Digital Control of Residual Amplitude Modulation for Ultra-Stable Optical Cavity

New method for residual amplitude modulation control in fibered optical experiments

A Displacement Measuring Interferometer Based on a Frequency-Locked Laser Diode with High Modulation Frequency

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