Suppression of T Cell Proliferation by Root Apical Papilla Stem Cells in vitro

Abstract

The use of allogeneic stem cells strongly extends the range of stem cell applications in dentistry; however, immunological rejection remains a major concern. There is little information about the immunological features of dental-related stem cells in the literature. Therefore, we investigated the immunological characteristics of stem cells from the root apical papilla (SCAP) of swine in vitro by measuring T cell immunomodulation and apoptosis. We found that SCAP expressed a low level of swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) class I molecules and were negative for SLA class II DR molecules. Moreover, SCAP could inhibit autologous T cell proliferation stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and a one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, SCAP could suppress proliferation of allogeneic T cells in a dose-dependent manner, with or without mitomycin C pretreatment. Moreover, soluble factor(s) may be involved in the SCAP-mediated immune suppression. After a 5-day coculture of SCAP, allogeneic T cells, and PHA, only 1.22% of T cells were apoptotic. These data indicated that SCAP were weakly immunogenic and suppressed T cell proliferation in vitro through an apoptosis-independent mechanism.

Understanding of stem cells in bone biology and translation into clinical applications

“…In addition, cSCAP of miniature pig possessed the similar proliferation rate, differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory function as seen in fSCAP. This study demonstrates that cryopreservation does not affect the biological and immunological properties of SCAP, supporting the feasibility of SCAP cryopreservation in nitrogen (Ding et al, 2010).…”

“…Thus, one dental MSCs-SCAP was investigating the immunogenicity and immunomodulatory effects in a swine dental model. They found that SCAP were weakly immunogenic and suppressed T cell proliferation in vitro through an apoptosisindependent mechanism (Ding et al, 2010).…”

Functional Tooth Restoration by Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Bio-Root Regeneration in Swine

“…Both DPSCs and PDLSCs are derived from mesenchymal tissue like bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), which show low immunogenicity and immunomodulation functions [7]. Similar to BMMSCs, dental MSCs, including PDLSCs, DPSCs, and SCAP possess immunomodulatory effects in vitro [27,28]. Furthermore, we previously established a novel approach for using allogeneic PDLSCs to cure periodontitis in a minipig model of periodontitis in vivo [9].…”

Interplay between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Lymphocytes

“…Notably, SHED are the first MSCs derived from human exfoliated tissue, a very accessible tissue resource (Miura et al, 2003). (2) Dental MSCs, including SHED, SCAP, PDLSCs and jaw bone MSCs, show a strong immunomodulatory capacity, possibly because of the high frequency of exposure to the inflammatory environment in the oral cavity (Wada et al, 2009;Ding et al, 2010a;Yamaza et al, 2010Yamaza et al, , 2011. (3) Because of their neural crest origins, dental MSCs show robust multi-potential differentiation capabilities, benefiting the regeneration of orofacial tissues in orofacial context (Chung et al, 2009;Yamaza et al, 2011).…”