Suppression of the rice heterotrimeric G protein β‐subunit gene, <i>RGB1</i>, causes dwarfism and browning of internodes and lamina joint regions

Utsunomiya, Yuzuko; Samejima, Chihiro; Takayanagi, Yoshiyuki; Izawa, Yuki; Yoshida, Takashi; Sawada, Yuka; Fujisawa, Yukiko; Kato, Hisayoshi; Iwasaki, Yukimoto

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04643.x

Cited by 122 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, the same genetic lesion in RGA1 confers smaller seed size (Fujisawa et al, 1999) and less resistance to the blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea (Suharsono et al, 2002), both dramatically decreasing yield. A decrease in the rice Gb-subunit reduces cell proliferation and confers seed sterility (Utsunomiya et al, 2011). Taken together with the data on AGB1 shown here, genetic ablation of G-protein complex proteins confers a wide set of traits, some beneficial and some not beneficial to agriculture.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

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Dissecting Arabidopsis Gβ Signal Transduction on the Protein Surface

et al. 2012

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The heterotrimeric G-protein complex provides signal amplification and target specificity. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Gb-subunit of this complex (AGB1) interacts with and modulates the activity of target cytoplasmic proteins. This specificity resides in the structure of the interface between AGB1 and its targets. Important surface residues of AGB1, which were deduced from a comparative evolutionary approach, were mutated to dissect AGB1-dependent physiological functions. Analysis of the capacity of these mutants to complement well-established phenotypes of Gb-null mutants revealed AGB1 residues critical for specific AGB1-mediated biological processes, including growth architecture, pathogen resistance, stomata-mediated leaf-air gas exchange, and possibly photosynthesis. These findings provide promising new avenues to direct the finely tuned engineering of crop yield and traits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Just as for rga1, loss of the Gb-subunit in rice confers dwarfness (Utsunomiya et al, 2011), an early trait found during the Green Revolution period that doubled rice yield simply by increasing harvest index (Weber and Fehr, 1966). Unfortunately, this Gb-subunit mutant also has smaller seed and increased susceptibility to fungus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting Arabidopsis Gβ Signal Transduction on the Protein Surface

et al. 2012

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“…In Arabidopsis, this complex is comprised minimally of a Gα subunit, a Gβγ dimer and a 7-transmembrane (7TM) Regulator of G Signaling (RGS) protein (AtGPA1, AGB1, AGG, AtRGS1). Genetic evidence supports a role for this G protein complex in glucose-stimulated cell proliferation and plant growth [22-32]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth attenuation under saline stress is mediated by the heterotrimeric G protein complex

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPlant growth is plastic, able to rapidly adjust to fluctuation in environmental conditions such as drought and salinity. Due to long-term irrigation use in agricultural systems, soil salinity is increasing; consequently crop yield is adversely affected. It is known that salt tolerance is a quantitative trait supported by genes affecting ion homeostasis, ion transport, ion compartmentalization and ion selectivity. Less is known about pathways connecting NaCl and cell proliferation and cell death. Plant growth and cell proliferation is, in part, controlled by the concerted activity of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex with glucose. Prompted by the abundance of stress-related, functional annotations of genes encoding proteins that interact with core components of the Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G protein complex (AtRGS1, AtGPA1, AGB1, and AGG), we tested the hypothesis that G proteins modulate plant growth under salt stress.ResultsNa+ activates G signaling as quantitated by internalization of Arabidopsis Regulator of G Signaling protein 1 (AtRGS1). Despite being components of a singular signaling complex loss of the Gβ subunit (agb1-2 mutant) conferred accelerated senescence and aborted development in the presence of Na+, whereas loss of AtRGS1 (rgs1-2 mutant) conferred Na+ tolerance evident as less attenuated shoot growth and senescence. Site-directed changes in the Gα and Gβγ protein-protein interface were made to disrupt the interaction between the Gα and Gβγ subunits in order to elevate free activated Gα subunit and free Gβγ dimer at the plasma membrane. These mutations conferred sodium tolerance. Glucose in the growth media improved the survival under salt stress in Col but not in agb1-2 or rgs1-2 mutants.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate a direct role for G-protein signaling in the plant growth response to salt stress. The contrasting phenotypes of agb1-2 and rgs1-2 mutants suggest that G-proteins balance growth and death under salt stress. The phenotypes of the loss-of-function mutations prompted the model that during salt stress, G activation promotes growth and attenuates senescence probably by releasing ER stress.

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“…In plants, the structure/function information on G proteins is mostly limited to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa), where their roles have been established in regulation of a multitude of signaling pathways, such as those regulated by multiple phytohormones, sugar, light, and pathogens (Fujisawa et al, 1999;Ueguchi-Tanaka et al, 2000;Ullah et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2001;Pandey and Assmann, 2004;Oki et al, 2005;Pandey et al, 2006;Trusov et al, 2006;Temple and Jones, 2007;Warpeha et al, 2007;Nilson and Assmann, 2010;Chakravorty et al, 2011;Utsunomiya et al, 2011). However, compared with the presence of multiple G-protein subunits in mammals (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Specific Subunits of Heterotrimeric G Proteins Play Important Roles during Nodulation in Soybean

Choudhury

Pandey

2013

Plant Physiology

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Heterotrimeric G proteins comprising Ga, Gb, and Gg subunits regulate many fundamental growth and development processes in all eukaryotes. Plants possess a relatively limited number of G-protein components compared with mammalian systems, and their detailed functional characterization has been performed mostly in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa). However, the presence of single Ga and Gb proteins in both these species has significantly undermined the complexity and specificity of response regulation in plant G-protein signaling. There is ample pharmacological evidence for the role of G proteins in regulation of legume-specific processes such as nodulation, but the lack of genetic data from a leguminous species has restricted its direct assessment. Our recent identification and characterization of an elaborate G-protein family in soybean (Glycine max) and the availability of appropriate molecular-genetic resources have allowed us to directly evaluate the role of G-protein subunits during nodulation. We demonstrate that all G-protein genes are expressed in nodules and exhibit significant changes in their expression in response to Bradyrhizobium japonicum infection and in representative supernodulating and nonnodulating soybean mutants. RNA interference suppression and overexpression of specific G-protein components results in lower and higher nodule numbers, respectively, validating their roles as positive regulators of nodule formation. Our data further show preferential usage of distinct G-protein subunits in the presence of an additional signal during nodulation. Interestingly, the Ga proteins directly interact with the soybean nodulation factor receptors NFR1a and NFR1b, suggesting that the plant G proteins may couple with receptors other than the canonical heptahelical receptors common in metazoans to modulate signaling.

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Suppression of the rice heterotrimeric G protein β‐subunit gene, RGB1, causes dwarfism and browning of internodes and lamina joint regions

Cited by 122 publications

References 46 publications

Dissecting Arabidopsis Gβ Signal Transduction on the Protein Surface

Dissecting Arabidopsis Gβ Signal Transduction on the Protein Surface

Growth attenuation under saline stress is mediated by the heterotrimeric G protein complex

Specific Subunits of Heterotrimeric G Proteins Play Important Roles during Nodulation in Soybean

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