Suppressive effects of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-polymer on the adherence of Candida species and MRSA to acrylic denture resin

Abstract

The effects of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-polymer on the adherence of microorganisms such as non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), frequently detected in oral infections in immunocompromised and/or elderly people, to denture resin material, are still unclear. Here, we report the effects of MPC-polymer on the adherence of C. albicans, NCAC, and MRSA to acrylic denture resin. Methods: Sixteen strains of C. albicans, seven strains of C. glabrata, two strains of C. tropicalis, one strain of C. parapsilosis, and six strains of MRSA were used. We cultured the fungal/bacterial strains and examined the cell growth and adherence of fungi/bacteria to mucin-coated acrylic denture resin plates (ADRP) with or without MPC-polymer coating, by scanning electron microscopy. The cell surface hydrophobicity of the fungal/bacterial strains was measured by the adsorption to hydrocarbons. Results: MPC-polymer did not affect the growth of all strains of Candida species and MRSA, but significantly suppressed adherence to ADRP in most strains of C. albicans and all strains of NCAC and MRSA. A significant positive correlation was found between cell hydrophobicity and the reduction rates of microbial adherence to ADRP treated with 5% of MPC-polymer. Conclusions: MPC-polymer treatment for acrylic resin material suppresses the adherence of C. albicans, NCAC and MRSA via their hydrophilicity interaction. Clinical significance: The application of MPC-polymer for denture hygiene is potent to prevent oral candidiasis, denture stomatitis and opportunistic infection, caused by Candida species and MRSA, via suppressing the adherence of those fungus/bacteria.

The state-of-the-art validity of using methacryloyloxyethyl compounds in dentistry

“…The authors concluded that the mechanical property of the thin-film is one of the influential factors determining bacterial adhesion. These findings would be of significance in designing antibacterial materials [16].…”

Bio-Interactive Zwitterionic Dental Biomaterials for Improving Biofilm Resistance: Characteristics and Applications

“…Although the positive impact of the MPC against salivary and single-species biofilms has been validated in multiple studies, detailed analysis of specific strains of the species has not been widely reported. A recent study evaluated C. albicans (16 strains), Non-C. albicans Candida (NCAC; 10 strains) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; six strains) resistance of the MPC-polymer-coated, acrylic, denture plates [93]. The microbial adherence was tested on the mucin-coated specimens by comparing the cell hydrophobicity.…”

Zwitterionic Block Copolymer Prodrug Micelles for pH Responsive Drug Delivery and Hypoxia-Specific Chemotherapy

“…Some pH-triggered dynamic bonds, such as benzoxaboronic ester, hydrazine, and imine bonds, have been applied to designing intelligent nanocarriers with pH responsiveness. , The aromatic imine bond has advantages for constructing BCP micelles with sensitive pH-responsiveness due to its rapid cleavage upon external pH stimulation. , Moreover, there are strong hydrophobic interactions and π–π stacking from multiaromatic groups, which can significantly improve the stability of micelles against harsh physiological environment. , Zwitterionic MPC-based polymers have been proven to be highly biocompatible biomaterials (Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved) that can resist nonspecific protein adsorption and maintain long-time stability in plasma. − Moreover, zwitterionic poly­(MPC) (PMPC) in conjugation with therapeutic proteins, such as interferon and antibodies, has demonstrated evident pharmacokinetic enhancement and epitope specificity. , By combining the advantages of aromatic imine bonds and zwitterionic polymers, well-structured BCP micelles were developed from the self-assembly of a zwitterionic block copolymer, poly­(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine- b -poly­(di­(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate- co -4-formylphenyl methacrylate) [PMPC- b -P­(DEGMA- co -FPMA), BCP], which was synthesized by RAFT polymerization. As shown in Scheme , the FPMA components in BCP with reactive aldehyde groups provide a suitable capability for covalently conjugating with TPZD (containing an amine group) to give a hypoxia-activated BCP-TPZ conjugate through the formation of imine bonds.…”