Suppressive Effects of Thyroxine on Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced Metabolic Changes and Cataract Formation on Developing Chick Embryos

Kosano, Hiroshi; Watanabe, Hiroshi; Nishigori, Hideo

doi:10.1006/exer.2001.0997

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our data are in agreement with another study of lens epithelium, in which oxidative stress caused an increase in almost every antioxidant enzyme assayed and caused the upregulation of most antioxidants. 36 Our data are also in agreement with the study of Kosano et al, 37 who showed that the level of glutathione, one of the major antioxidants in the lens, does not change with thyroxine treatment or with glucocorticoid-induced metabolic changes in thyroxine-treated chick lenses. A thyroxine-induced hypertrophied antioxidant defense system appears not to be a factor in the thyroxine-induced increased cell viability and decreased amount of lipid oxidation products.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Thyroxine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress by Inducing Lipid Compositional Changes in Human Lens Epithelial Cells

Huang

Yappert²,

Miller

et al. 2007

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Thyroxine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress by Inducing Lipid Compositional Changes in Human Lens Epithelial Cells

Huang

Yappert²,

Miller

et al. 2007

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…51 In chick lenses, levels of the major lens antioxidant, glutathione, did not change with thyroxine treatment, and these lenses resisted the glutathione depleting affect of corticosteroids. 51 Based on the results of our study, stable glutathione levels were probably a consequence of less ROS produced, rather than a thyroxineinduced increase in the level of glutathione. These results are in contrast to an organ-cultured rat lens model, which exposed lenses to elevated levels of glucose.…”

Section: Thyroxine Treatment and Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Hyperoxia and Thyroxine Treatment and the Relationships between Reactive Oxygen Species Generation, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Cardiolipin in Human Lens Epithelial Cell Cultures

Huang

Yappert

Jumblatt

et al. 2008

Current Eye Research

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Thyroxine-treated human lens epithelial cells, HLE B-3, were grown in either a normoxic or hyperoxic atmosphere as a first step in identifying factors related to their increased viability. Reactive oxygen species, ROS, and the apparent mitochondrial membrane potential, Delta Psi(m), were measured using fluorescent probes. ROS were significantly higher in HLE B-3 cells grown in a hyperoxic atmosphere for both thyroxine-treated and untreated samples. However, treatment with thyroxine produced 40% lower ROS levels than untreated cells. A mitochondrial uncoupler concomitantly reduced ROS generation. In cells that were grown in a hyperoxic atmosphere, the Delta Psi(m) was significantly higher for samples treated with thyroxine compared to those that were untreated. ROS generation correlated inversely with the apparent Delta Psi(m) and the amount of cardiolipin, and correlated with the amount of lipid oxidation products. These correlations were valid whether cardiolipin and the Delta Psi(m) were decreased as a result of oxygen or increased as a result of thyroxine treatment. Therapies that protect mitochondria from damage and reduce damaging ROS generation may potentially ameliorate the effects of oxidation that occur in aging tissues and in diseases such as cataract.

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“…It was believed that the stimulated glycolysis result in the restoration of hepatic ATP by recovering the citric acid cycle, consequently facilitate de novo synthesis of GSH. However, Kosano et al demonstrated that thyroxine treatment accelerated the GSH-GSSG cycle rather than de novo synthesis of GSH to maintain a certain level of hepatic GSH necessary for reducing elevated LPO [51]. The MAPK signaling pathway is another enriched pathway for CS in the treatment of cataract, which involves in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Cassiae Semen a Cting on Cataracts Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach

Fang¹

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundCassiae Semen (CS) is one of the most well-known herbs used in the treatment of cataracts in China. However, the potential mechanisms of its anti-cataracts effects have not been fully explored.MethodThe active compounds of CS were obtained from TCMSP database, and their targets were retrieved from the TCMSP, STITCH and DrugBank databases. Cataracts related target genes were identified from the GeneCard, Malacard, and OMIM databases. GO and KEGG analysis were performed using DAVID online tools, and Cytoscape were used to construct compound-targets network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, cluster analysis were carried out using MCODE plugin for Cytoscape.ResultsWe obtained 13 active compounds from CS and 105 targets in total to construct a compound-target network, which indicated that emodin, stigmastero, and rhein served as the main ingredients in CS. A total of 238 cataracts related targets were identified from public databases. PPI networks of compound targets and cataract-related targets were constructed and merged to obtained the central network, enrichment analysis showed 50 key targets in the central network enriched in several important signaling pathways, such as thyroid hormone signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The top 4 genes with higher degree in the central network were TP53, HSP90, ESR1, EGFR, indicating their important roles in the treatment of cataracts.ConclusionsThe present study systematically revealed the multi-target mechanisms of CS on cataracts using network pharmacology approach, and provided indications for further mechanistic studies and also for the development of CS as a potential treatment for cataracts patients.

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Suppressive Effects of Thyroxine on Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced Metabolic Changes and Cataract Formation on Developing Chick Embryos

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Thyroxine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress by Inducing Lipid Compositional Changes in Human Lens Epithelial Cells

Thyroxine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress by Inducing Lipid Compositional Changes in Human Lens Epithelial Cells

Hyperoxia and Thyroxine Treatment and the Relationships between Reactive Oxygen Species Generation, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Cardiolipin in Human Lens Epithelial Cell Cultures

Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Cassiae Semen a Cting on Cataracts Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach

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