Supramolecular Polymers and Networkswith Hydrogen Bonds in the Main- and Side-Chain

Binder, Wolfgang H.; Zirbs, Ronald

doi:10.1007/12_2006_109

Cited by 115 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…This broad variety of different interactions includes p-p stacking, 5,6 metal-ligand interactions, [7][8][9][10] hydrophobic forces, 11,12 electrostatic effects, 13,14 and hydrogen bonding. 4,[15][16][17][18][19][20] Not only the functionalization of the precursor building blocks (telechelic units) for the polymer chains and networks is today synthetically quite feasible, 21,22 but also the post modification of a polymer along the chain. This offers the possibility to tune the properties of the polymer [23][24][25][26][27] and thus widens the range of potential applications eminently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen bonding and thermoplastic elastomers – a nice couple with temperature-adjustable mechanical properties

et al. 2018

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ab Styrene-butadiene copolymers are modified with varying fractions of benzoic acid moieties being able to perform hydrogen bonding. This is done by using a simple synthetic approach which utilizes click chemistry. Temperature-dependent dynamic mechanical properties are studied, and it turns out that even the apparently rather simple hydrogen bonding motif has a marked impact on the material properties due to the fact that it facilitates the formation of a supramolecular polymer network. Besides a glass transition, the investigated functionalized copolymers exhibit a second endothermic transition, known as a quasi-melting. This is related to the opening of the hydrogen bonding complexes.Additionally to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), temperaturedependent infrared (IR) spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) are used to understand the structure-property relationships.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen bonding and thermoplastic elastomers – a nice couple with temperature-adjustable mechanical properties

et al. 2018

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“…Occasionally, complex tiling patterns composed of cells with different shapes were found [22], especially if different lateral chains (e.g., fluorinated and non-fluorinated) were combined [23][24][25]. For lateral groups with Bolaamphiphiles are also capable of forming supramolecular polymers and networks by terminal (end-to-end) aggregation (Scheme 1c,d) [3][4][5][6]. In the bulk, the combination of terminal and lateral aggregation leads to lamellar liquid crystalline (LC) phases with exceptional stability (Scheme 1b) [7,8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compound C18/18 forms a square honeycomb, and polar group expansion completely removes any LC phase. Crystalline materials were obtained for all compounds with x = 1-4; only for C 5 18/18, a small range of a metastable (monotropic) hexagonal columnar phase was observed (see SAXS pattern in Figure S4b and texture in Figure S3b). This is in line with the expansion of the core unit by elongation of the EO units, which provides more space inside the prismatic cells.…”

Section: Variation Of the Terminal Polar Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lateral and Terminal Chains of X-Shaped Bolapolyphiles with Oligo(phenylene ethynylene) Cores on Self-Assembly Behaviour. Part 1: Transition between Amphiphilic and Polyphilic Self-Assembly in the Bulk

Poppe

Ebert

et al. 2017

Polymers

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Polyphilic self-assembly leads to compartmentalization of space and development of complex structures in soft matter on different length scales, reaching from the morphologies of block copolymers to the liquid crystalline (LC) phases of small molecules. Whereas block copolymers are known to form membranes and interact with phospholipid bilayers, liquid crystals have been less investigated in this respect. Here, series of bolapolyphilic X-shaped molecules were synthesized and investigated with respect to the effect of molecular structural parameters on the formation of LC phases (part 1), and on domain formation in phospholipid bilayer membranes (part 2). The investigated bolapolyphiles are based on a rod-like π-conjugated oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) core with two glycerol groups being either directly attached or separated by additional ethylene oxide (EO) units to both ends. The X-shape is provided by two lateral alkyl chains attached at opposite sides of the OPE core, being either linear, branched, or semiperfluorinated. In this report, the focus is on the transition from polyphilic (triphilic or tetraphilic) to binary amphiphilic self-assembly. Polyphilic self-assembly, i.e., segregation of all three or four incorporated units into separate nano-compartments, leads to the formation of hexagonal columnar LC phases, representing triangular honeycombs. A continuous transition from the well-defined triangular honeycomb structures to simple hexagonal columnar phases, dominated by the arrangement of polar columns on a hexagonal lattice in a mixed continuum formed by the lipophilic chains and the OPE rods, i.e., to amphiphilic self-assembly, was observed by reducing the length and volume of the lateral alkyl chains. A similar transition was found upon increasing the length of the EO units involved in the polar groups. If the lateral alkyl chains are enlarged or replaced by semiperfluorinated chains, then the segregation of lateral chains and rod-like cores is retained, even for enlarged polar groups, i.e., the transition from polyphilic to amphiphilic self-assembly is suppressed.

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“…The 1 H NMR analyses of P(MAAM-co-St) were performed with a Brucker Advance II spectrometer operating at 250 MHz and 300 K for 64 scans in DMSO-d 6 with TMS as an internal reference.…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr) Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4] Chemical moieties are able to form host-guest systems in dimers by single or multiple interactions distinguished by homodimers and heterodimers. [5] Different kinds of interactions can be involved in supramolecular chemistry such as hydrogen bonds, [6][7][8] ionic attractions, [9] amphiphilic interactions, [10] metal coordinations [11], or π-π stackings. [12] Supramolecular polymers by hydrogen bonding association are extensively used to build polymer backbones by assembling non-covalent moieties [13] or polymer networks through intermolecular interactions between the chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene supramolecular networks based on DA-AD hydrogen bonds

Becquart

Adidou

et al. 2015

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Then polystyrene supramolecular networks were prepared by radical copolymerization of styrene with monomers containing donor-acceptor (DA) moieties methacrylamide (MAAM) or 2-methacrylamidopyridine (MAP). The molar percentages of MAAM and MAP in the copolymers were, respectively, 2-20% and 6-40%. The glass transition temperatures (T g s) of these copolymers have been modeled by the Kwei equation showing secondary interactions due to intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The DA-AD association constants (K) have been calculated by 1 H NMR spectroscopy of MAAM and MAP. These constants were, respectively, 6.75 and 16.75 M −1 . Dynamic mechanical analyses by frequency and temperature sweep tests, were carried out in the molten state. Styrene-MAP or styrene-MAAM copolymers had higher moduli than neat polystyrene but the MAP influences the materials' properties distinctively from the MAAM. MAP copolymers had a second G′ plateau that appeared at 150°C, thus showing the formation of a supramolecular network.

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Supramolecular Polymers and Networkswith Hydrogen Bonds in the Main- and Side-Chain

Cited by 115 publications

References 223 publications

Hydrogen bonding and thermoplastic elastomers – a nice couple with temperature-adjustable mechanical properties

Hydrogen bonding and thermoplastic elastomers – a nice couple with temperature-adjustable mechanical properties

Effects of Lateral and Terminal Chains of X-Shaped Bolapolyphiles with Oligo(phenylene ethynylene) Cores on Self-Assembly Behaviour. Part 1: Transition between Amphiphilic and Polyphilic Self-Assembly in the Bulk

Polystyrene supramolecular networks based on DA-AD hydrogen bonds

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