Supraspinal inhibitory control of spinal reflexes during natural sleep

The anatomical, cellular and synaptic basis of motor atonia during rapid eye movement sleep

“…Later in the 1970s and 1980s a series of seminal intracellular recording studies – which informed the development of the REM‐On glycinergic pre‐motor neuron model – were conducted that measured the membrane potential of motor neurons during naturally occurring REM sleep (Giaquinto et al . a ; Morales & Chase, ; Nakamura et al . ; Chase et al .…”

Effects of hypoxia on polysynaptic hind‐limb reflexes in new‐born lambs before and after carotid denervation.

“…Pathways in this portion of the spinal cord are responsible in adult cats for the inhibition of the flexor reflex during electrical stimulation of the reticular substance (Holmquist & Lundberg, 1959). They appear separate from the descending tracts responsible for the inhibition of the flexor reflex during rapid eye movement sleep (Giaquinto, Pompeiano & Somogyi, 1964).…”

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep, Motoneurone Inhibition, and Apneic Spells in Preterm Infants

“…For our under-ANALYSIS OF POLYGRAMS standing of the neurophysiologic events lcading to respiratory arrest in preterm infants during active slccp, inhibitory mechanisms influencing spinal motoneurones, including respiratory neurones, are of great importance. It is well known from experimental studies in animals (1,12,13,16), in human infants and adults (14,15), and in full term newborns (23) that during REM sleep spinal motoneurones are subject to strong descending inhibitory influences. However, in immature infants the level of organization of sleep states, i.e., the development and coordination of the different brain mechanisms which comprise active or quiet sleep, are still poor (5,6).…”