Supratentorial intracerebral epithelial (ependymal) cysts: review, case reports, and fine structure.

Friede, Reinhard L.; Yaşargil, M. Gazi

doi:10.1136/jnnp.40.2.127

Cited by 137 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the cyst of the present patient was not neuroepithelial because it had no epithelial lining. We agree with Friede and Yasargil (1977), who reviewed and reported "intracerebral epithelial (ependymal) cysts", that they have sufficient characteristic features to distinguish them from arachnoid cysts. However, we do not agree with their statement that intracerebral epithelial cysts are distinguishable from intraventricular "colloid Samruay Shuangshoti cysts", because we consider that they are the same type of lesion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Calcified congenital arachnoid cyst with heterotopic neuroglia in wall.

Shuangshoti¹

1978

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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ThailandS U M M A R Y Two unique findings, advanced calcification and ectopic neuroglia, were encountered in the wall of a giant congenital arachnoid cyst occurring in a 40 year old woman. The cyst almost totally filled the supratentorial subdural space of the left hemicranial cavity, was not connected with the subarachnoid space, and thus developed intra-arachnoidally. Its congenitally derived nature was supported by the unique finding of heterotopic neuroglia in the wall. Congenital arachnoid cyst must be distinguished from various cystic lesions within the central nervous system, including the neuroepithelial cyst which can arise throughout the neuraxis. It is suggested that pathogenesis of the congenital arachnoid cyst is related to aberrant flow of the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid into the developing leptomeninx in the process of differentiation of the subarachnoid space. The tract or pouch may occur within the arachnoid mater, and the cyst is formed intra-arachnoidally when the former filled with fluid is closed off from the subarachnoid space. Arachnoid cyst is rare within the cranium. Only four cysts were found among 1028 intracranial tumours in Thailand reported by Shuangshoti and Panyathanya (1974), a proportion of about 0.4% of intracranial neoplasms. We subsequently encountered an additional example of extensively calcified intracranial arachnoid cyst with ectopic neuroglia in the wall. As no reports could be traced in the medical literature of calcified arachnoid cyst and as ectopic neuroglia was present in the cyst wall, the case is reported as unique.Case report A 40 year old woman was admitted to hospital in coma. According to her son, she had had fever for four days before admission. Two days later, she complained of headache, dyspnoea, and pain in the chest. Subsequently, consciousness had deteriorated, and eventually she became comatose. The patient had had occasional headache in the past. There was no history of cranial trauma.On admission, her body temperature was 38.5°C pulse rate 140/min, respiratory rate 40/min, and

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Calcified congenital arachnoid cyst with heterotopic neuroglia in wall.

Shuangshoti¹

1978

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…contain an ependymal element. 1,5 A cyst can also arise in any area of brain that has been damaged by hemorrhage, infarction, infection, trauma, or surgery. 11 Abnormally developed areas of the brain may be conducive to cyst formation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Ependymal Cyst in a Dog

Wyss-Fluehmann¹,

Konar

Jaggy³

et al. 2008

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. An 11-week-old, male, Staffordshire Bull Terrier had a history of generalized ataxia and falling since birth. The neurologic findings suggested a localization in the cerebellum. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed. In all sequences the area of the cerebellum was almost replaced by fluid isointense to cerebrospinal fluid. A complete necropsy was performed after euthanasia. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by extensive loss of cerebellar tissue in both hemispheres and vermis. Toward the surface of the cerebellar defect, the cavity was confined by ruptured and folded membranes consisting of a layer of glial fibrillary acidic (GFAP)-positive glial cells covered multifocally by epithelial cells. Some of these cells bore apical cilia and were cytokeratin and GFAP negative, supporting their ependymal origin. The histopathologic features of our case are consistent with the diagnosis of an ependymal cyst. Its glial and ependymal nature as demonstrated by histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination differs from arachnoid cysts, which have also been reported in dogs. The origin of these cysts remains controversial, but it has been suggested that they develop during embryogenesis subsequent to sequestration of developing neuroectoderm. We speculate that the cyst could have been the result of a pre-or perinatal, possibly traumatic, insult because hemorrhage, and tissue destruction had occurred. To our knowledge, this is the first description of an ependymal cyst in the veterinary literature.Key words: Cerebellum; ependymal cyst; histopathology; MRI findings; traumatic.An 11-week-old male, Staffordshire Bull Terrier with a history of intermittent generalized ataxia since birth was presented for examination. The dog was alert and clinically normal except for a gait characterized by generalized hypermetria and head bobbing with a tendency to fall. There was an obvious intention tremor and decreased proprioception in all limbs without lateralization. Cranial nerve function and spinal reflexes were normal. The neurologic findings suggested a lesion localized in the cerebellum. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed with a 0.3 Tesla MRI unit (Hitachi Airis II; Hitachi Medical Systems, Dü sseldorf, Germany). Sequences included a FSE T2 in sagittal and transverse orientation, a FE 3D T1 in transverse plane, a FE 3D MPR (high-resolution T1w gradient echo), a FLAIR (cerebrospinal fluid-suppression), and a BASG-sequence in dorsal plane. In all sequences the area where the cerebellum is normally located was almost completely filled with fluid isointense to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (Figs. 1, 2). The left part of the vermis and the left ventral hemisphere of the cerebellum were reduced to approximately one fifth of their normal volume. These cerebellar remnants were deformed and irregularly shaped with concave and convex surfaces. The fourth ventricle seemed to be separated from the fluid-filled cavity by a thin membrane and appeared normal in size. There were no signs ...

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“…Common clinical presentation occurs with seizure, syncope and headache. It was reported that neurological deficits such as hemiparesis, hemihypoesthesia, hemianopia, ataxia, memory or personality changes, confusion, drowsiness, headache, mental disorders could be seen as more rare findings [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Postmortem Incidental Ependymal Cyst Opened to the Extracranial Area

2017

ARC Journal of Forensic Science

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Supratentorial intracerebral epithelial (ependymal) cysts: review, case reports, and fine structure.

Cited by 137 publications

References 38 publications

Calcified congenital arachnoid cyst with heterotopic neuroglia in wall.

Calcified congenital arachnoid cyst with heterotopic neuroglia in wall.

Cerebellar Ependymal Cyst in a Dog

Case Report: Postmortem Incidental Ependymal Cyst Opened to the Extracranial Area

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