Supreme Emergencies Without the Bad Guys

Sandin, Per

doi:10.1007/s11406-008-9145-5

Cited by 18 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…A normative perspective refers to what kind of moral framework/approach is to be utilized as a reference point in considering a situation a public emergency. Notably, while the notion of supreme emergency, for instance, is heavily used in the discussions on just war and justifiable conducts in war, the idea of emergency as such is largely confined to overwhelmingly horrifying situations and matters of collective survival (Sandin 2009). On the other hand, while public health ethics literature accommodates a great deal of ethical debate on public emergency preparedness, resource allocation and rationing, in addition to offering practical guidelines on viability and transparency of the measures, a more general reference point to discuss what constitutes an emergency from a normative point of view is still open to exploration (Jennings and others 2016;Wynia 2007).…”

Section: Taking Health Worker Emigration From Under-served Countries mentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Understand Limitations of the Right to Exit with Respect to Losses Associated with Health Worker Emigration: A Clarification

Yuksekdag

2018

Etikk Praksis - Nord J Appl Ethics

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There is a recent interest in the ethics of high-skilled worker emigration through which the limitations of the right to exit are discussed. Insightful arguments have been made in favour of (or against) the emigration restrictions on skilled workers in order to tackle the deprivations in developing countries. However, there is still a need for clarification on how we can understand, discuss and implement limitations of a right from a normative perspective. Significantly, how we understand the limitation of a right might determine how we approach such limitations – both in terms of the process of assessing the limitations and in terms of their implications. In this paper, I identify two distinct ways to understand limitations of the right to exit with respect to losses associated with health worker emigration, while also pointing to their implications for restrictive policies: (i) as a matter of scope, and (ii) as a matter of weight or emergency, which requires a compensatory scheme for the individual right holders. While the emergency restrictions seem to be a point of convergence in the literature, what defines an emergency and the nature of the compensation still warrant exploration. To that end, I also discuss from a normative perspective what might constitute a public emergency that would give states a prima facie prerogative to regulate temporary limitations on the exercise of the right to exit. In addition, I briefly introduce the implications of emergency restrictions, with a particular focus on compensatory schemes for individual right holders.

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Section: Taking Health Worker Emigration From Under-served Countries mentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Understand Limitations of the Right to Exit with Respect to Losses Associated with Health Worker Emigration: A Clarification

Yuksekdag

2018

Etikk Praksis - Nord J Appl Ethics

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Conceptualizations of Disasters in Philosophy

Sandin

2018

Advancing Global Bioethics

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This chapter provides an overview of how disasters have been conceived of in philosophy, starting with Plato, with focus on the analytic tradition. Philosophers have been surprisingly little concerned with disasters. Some works where philosophers, and some non-philosophers, explicitly define disasters are surveyed and discussed. Works by philosophers who have discussed philosophical issues pertaining to disasters and disaster-like situations without offering much discussion of the definition of the term are also treated. Those have mainly been ethicists, normative as well as applied, and political philosophers dealing with the Hobbesian tradition's problems of state authority and exceptions. The use of imagined disasters in philosophical thought experiments, typically in ethics, is also discussed. The chapter concludes by offering tentative suggestions of some possible future developments in disaster philosophizing. Among them are that we might expect philosophers to devote increased attention to empirical work, for instance from behavioural science, and increased exploration of the intersection between disaster philosophizing and environmental ethics.

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The Moral Black Hole

Sandin

Wester

2009

Ethic Theory Moral Prac

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It is commonly believed that people become selfish and turn to looting, price gouging, and other immoral behaviour in emergencies. This has been the basis for an argument justifying extraordinary measures in emergencies. It states that if emergencies are not curtailed, breakdown of moral norms threaten ('the moral black hole'). Using the example of natural disasters, we argue that the validity of this argument in non-antagonistic situations, i.e. situations other than war and armed conflict, is highly questionable. Available evidence suggests that people in such emergencies typically do not display panic reactions or exaggerated selfishness, and that phenomena such as looting and price gouging are rare. Furthermore, a version of the moral-black-hole argument based on the mere possibility of a moral black hole occurring runs into problems similar to those of Pascal's Wager. We conclude that we should be wary against applying the moral-black-hole argument to non-antagonistic cases.

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Supreme Emergencies Without the Bad Guys

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

How to Understand Limitations of the Right to Exit with Respect to Losses Associated with Health Worker Emigration: A Clarification

How to Understand Limitations of the Right to Exit with Respect to Losses Associated with Health Worker Emigration: A Clarification

Conceptualizations of Disasters in Philosophy

The Moral Black Hole

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