Surface activation markers of T lymphocytes: role in the detection of infection in neonates

Hodge, Sandra; Hodge, Greg; Flower, Robert L.; Han, Ping

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.1998.00626.x

Cited by 41 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Other surface markers of diagnostic relevance include CD69 on NK cells and CD69, CD45RA, CD45RO and CD25 on peripheral T lymphocytes [36,44]. NK cell CD69 was a sensitive marker for diagnosing neonatal infection, correctly identifying 13 of 16 infants with septicemia [15,36].…”

Section: Expression Of Surface Markers On Nk and T Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NK cell CD69 was a sensitive marker for diagnosing neonatal infection, correctly identifying 13 of 16 infants with septicemia [15,36]. CD69 expression on NK cells together with CD45RA, CD45RO, CD25 and CD69 expression on T cells indicated that in infected infants, there were significant increases in at least two of the inflammatory mediators [36,44]. A recent study [34], including a large cohort of very low birthweight infants, was unable to confirm the usefulness of lymphocyte CD45RO and CD25 for diagnosing late-onset bacterial infection.…”

Section: Expression Of Surface Markers On Nk and T Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow Cytometric Methods in the Detection of Neonatal Infection

Gille

Orlikowsky²

2007

Transfus Med Hemother

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Bacterial infection remains the main cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. With clinical signs unspecific and little, its course is fulminant, and only early antibiotic therapy protects from death or major adverse sequelae. Methods: Conventional diagnostic tests have shortcomings and are only partly suitable to identify infected vs. non-infected newborns. There is a fast increasing demand for standardized flow cytometric techniques in the detection of neonatal infection which require minimal amounts of blood. Target cells are monocytes/ macrophages, granulocytes and NK cells. Results: The choice of receptors and interpretation of results need to be done carefully: A variety of receptors are expressed differently, basally or upon cytokine-mediated regulation, in full- or preterm neonates than in adults, and their expression is influenced by perinatal confounders. Examples are HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, CD16, CD32 receptors on monocytes/macrophages. Flow cytometric measurement of CD11b and CD64 expression on phagocytes combined with cytokine (IL-6 or IL-8) or C-reactive protein measurement in plasma or whole blood have turned out to be most sensitive and specific markers for detecting early- and late-onset bacterial infection. Conclusion: To date, no flow cytometric marker or set of markers is sensitive and specific enough to allow neonatologists to withhold antibiotic treatment of a sick neonate who is suspected to be infected.

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Section: Expression Of Surface Markers On Nk and T Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Expression Of Surface Markers On Nk and T Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Cytometric Methods in the Detection of Neonatal Infection

Gille

Orlikowsky²

2007

Transfus Med Hemother

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“…For example, in all infants with proven bacterial infection, the proportion of CD45RO+ cells returned to a normal range within 6 weeks. In contrast, in cases of viral infection, a high percentage of CD45RO+ cells persisted for at least 12-20 weeks 19 . Also, changes in the proportion of CD45RO+ and/or CD45RA+ cells in peripheral blood of adults have been observed in several chronic conditions, such as psoriasis 24 , rheumatoid arthritis 25 , atopic asthma 26 , human immunodeficiency virus infection 27,28 and renal allograft rejection 20,21,23 .…”

Section: Surface Markersmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…An isotype control was employed for FITC and PE fluorescence. These gated cells were analyzed for CD45RA and CD45RO (dim and bright cells) 19 . The percentage of positive cells for the fluorescent antibody was recorded, and the results reported as a percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes.…”

Section: Flow Cytometry Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hodge and co-workers 19 reported that all neonates with proven bacterial or viral infection had an increased number of either CD45RO+ cells (50%) or the dual expression cells CD45RA+/CD45RO+ (88%) at birth. However, 2 weeks later, 92% of these infants showed up-regulation of CD45RO+, while 68% showed up-regulation of the dual staining isoforms.…”

Section: Surface Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unexplained fetal death is associated with changes in the adaptive limb of the maternal immune response consistent with prior antigenic exposure

Romero

Chaiworapongsa

Refuerzo

et al. 2003

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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Objective: The causes of fetal death are largely unknown. CD4 T cells have been classified according to the expression of the CD45 isoforms into 'naive-like' T cells (CD45RA) and 'memory-like' T cells (CD45RO). An increase in the percentage of the CD45RO has been interpreted as indicating prior antigenic exposure of the host and, in newborns, evidence of infection. The purpose of this study was to determine whether unexplained fetal death was associated with a change in the proportion of 'naive-like' and 'memory-like T cells' in the maternal blood, as determined by the CD45 isoforms on the surface of CD4+ lymphocytes. Study design: A prospective study was conducted to compare the CD45 sub-population of lymphocytes in patients with intrauterine fetal death (n = 26) and normal pregnancy (n = 89). The percentages of CD45RA+, CD45RO+ and CD45RA+/CD45RO+ on CD4+ T lymphocytes were determined in maternal blood using flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies. Results were reported as a percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Patients with intrauterine fetal death had a higher percentage of CD45RO+ CD4+ T lymphocytes than normal pregnant women (fetal death: median 57.7%, range 35.4-78.6 vs. normal pregnancy: median 49.9%, range 19.1-86.8; p = 0.004). Fetal death was associated with a lower median percentage of CD45RA+ CD4+ lymphocytes than in normal pregnant women (fetal death: median 32.3%, range 15.3-58.0 vs. normal pregnancy: median 40.2%, range 11.2-67.3; p = 0.01). There was no significant difference in the percentage of cells with dual expression (CD45RA+/ CD45RO+) between the study groups. Conclusion: Prior exposure to microbial products (bacterial or viral) or other unidentified antigens may result in a shift of the sub-population of 'naive-like' T cells to 'memory-like' T cells in mothers with unexplained fetal death.

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Preoperative prediction of postoperative edema and effusion in pediatric cardiac surgery by altered antigen expression patterns on granulocytes and monocytes

et al. 2001

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Postoperative edema and effusion (POEE) following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery in children retards recovery and may aggravate postpericardiotomy (PPS), capillary leak syndrome (CLS), or multiorgan failure (MOF). Compared with complication-free children, POEE affected children have different preoperative serum levels of circulating cytokines and adhesion molecules. These levels may be used preoperatively to assess POEE, but their determination is time consuming, costly, and a substantial blood volume is required. Altered serum levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules also may be reflected in altered antigen expression on circulating blood leukocytes. The predictive potential of flow cytometric (FCM) leukocyte immunophenotyping was explored as a sensitive and fast method that required small blood samples. Blood samples taken 24 h preoperatively from 49 patients (3-18 years old) were stained with monoclonal antibodies for adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, LFA-1, Mac-1) or constitutive/activation markers (CD4, CD14, CD16, CD25, CD54, CD69, HLA-DR) and measured on a microbead calibrated FCM. Neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils from POEE patients express higher preoperative levels of LFA-1, monocytes, HLA-DR, and other activation markers (all P < 0.03). Over 89% of the patients were classified correctly by using two discriminant analysis methods (sensitivity, >76%; specificity, >86%; positive prediction, >80%; negative prediction, >83%). Granulocytes and monocytes of postoperative POEE patients exhibit significant preoperative immune activation, suggesting an increased risk for patients with atopic/allergic predisposition. Surgical trauma and CPB cause additional immune activation, leading to POEE by a summative response. Most patients at risk for POEE can be identified preoperatively by using data pattern analysis on FCM-derived parameters. Cytometry (Comm. Clin. Cytometry) 46:247-253, 2001.

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Surface activation markers of T lymphocytes: role in the detection of infection in neonates

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Flow Cytometric Methods in the Detection of Neonatal Infection

Flow Cytometric Methods in the Detection of Neonatal Infection

Unexplained fetal death is associated with changes in the adaptive limb of the maternal immune response consistent with prior antigenic exposure

Preoperative prediction of postoperative edema and effusion in pediatric cardiac surgery by altered antigen expression patterns on granulocytes and monocytes

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