Surface Area and Properties of Carbon Black

Abstract

The surface areas of a number of commercial carbon blacks have been determined by the low-temperature adsorption isotherm technique. Thermal decomposition and other nonimpingement type blacks possess areas of 15 to 64 M2 per gram. Channel blacks commonly employed as reinforcing agents in rubber have areas around 100 M2 per gram. Ink and color blacks range from 100 to nearly 1000 M2 per gram. The color values of these carbons increase with surface area. The relation of iodine and diphenylguanidine adsorption to surface area has also been studied. Iodine adsorption is a direct function of surface area and, with the exception of certain high-volatile blacks, may be used as a direct measure of total surface. The adsorption of diphenylguanidine depends much more strongly on the volatile content of the black rather than its total surface. While rubber reinforcement depends in a general manner on surface area, certain blacks of nearly identical surface vary widely in the properties they impart to compounded rubber. That the state of the surface is probably of equal importance is indicated by the fact that the activity of the surface, as judged by relative ease of oxidation, may vary widely in blacks of equal area.

Cure kinetics and mechanical properties of carbonized chicken feather reinforced styrene butadiene rubber composites

“…The pore diameter and pore volume of CCF from the BET analysis were noted as 1.8023 nm and 0.1205 cm 3 g −1 respectively. Table 2 compares the specific surface area of CCF with those of already available industrial grades of carbon black namely high abrasion furnace (HAF, N330), super abrasion furnace (SAF, N110), and intermediate super abrasion furnace (ISAF, N220) 33 …”

“…Table 2 compares the specific surface area of CCF with those of already available industrial grades of carbon black namely high abrasion furnace (HAF, N330), super abrasion furnace (SAF, N110), and intermediate super abrasion furnace (ISAF, N220). 33 In general, it can be seen that the CCF prepared from CF has better specific surface area, compared to industrially established grades such as SAF, ISAF, and HAF. Even though the specific surface area of the prepared black (CCF) is greater than SAF, ISAF, and HAF, it is significant to observe that the value is much lower than that of high surface area blacks (>600 m 2 g À1 ), which are of high demand in energy storage applications.…”

Pyroresistive Properties of Composites Based on HDPE and Carbon Fillers

“…Since the value of the specific surface area S s of carbon black significantly exceeds that of carbon fiber, due to the existence of a large interphase surface, heat transfer from the filler phase to the polymer is much more efficient. For most types of carbon black, the specific surface is up to 100 m 2 /g [44,45], although for some types it reaches 600 m 2 /g [46]; however, the existence of carbon black in composites in the form of agglomerates significantly reduces the interfacial area between the filler and the polymer matrix. For the fiber that was used, the value of S s = 4/dρ = 0.2 m 2 /g (d is the diameter of the fiber, ρ is its density), i.e., it is orders of magnitude smaller than for carbon black.…”

Enhanced Electrically Conductive Polypropylene/Nano Carbon Black Composite

“…Nanostructured carbon materials, such as carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon black (CB), carbon fiber (CF) or graphene, have attracted a tremendous amount of attention in the last few years due to their high specific surface area, combinational exceptional electrical and mechanical property [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . These carbon particle-filled polymers have served as multifunctional materials for advanced applications in electrostatic dissipation [12] , electromagnetic interface shielding [13] , and electronic sensors [14] , etc.…”