Surface Characteristics of Thermally Modified Bamboo Fibers and Its Utilization Potential for Bamboo Plastic Composites

Abstract

Bamboo fibers are considered as a more attractive option for the reinforcement of wood plastic composites as compared to wood fiber due to its fast growth rate and good toughness. Heat treatment is an environment-friendly method of improving the integrated performance of bamboo materials. This paper highlights the heat treatment of bamboo fiber for suitable properties as reinforcements in bamboo plastic composites. The effects of vacuum heat treatment on the surface characteristics of bamboo fibers and the properties of bamboo plastic composites were analyzed by studying the chemical composition, surface elements and polarity of bamboo fiber before and after treatment, and the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo plastic composite. The results showed that after vacuum heat treatment, the bamboo fibers became darker and experienced a transition from green to red. Moreover, FTIR, XPS and contact angle analysis indicated that the hemicellulose content, the oxygen/carbon ratio and the polar component of the bamboo fiber had a decreasing trend as the treatment temperature increased. In addition, the 24 h water absorption and the 24 h thickness expansion rate of the water absorption showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing as the treatment temperature increased, while the bending performance of bamboo plastic composite showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing as a result of increased treatment temperature. Therefore, a combined process of vacuum heat treatment and the addition of MAPE could improve the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo plastic composites to a certain extent.

Enhancement of properties of walnut shell/attapulgite/polyvinyl chloride composites with ultrasonic and hydrothermal treatment

“…24,36 Furthermore, the functional groups of fiber-reinforced composites were not altered, while the fiber interface of WS was physically altered. 20,37…”

“…The hydrothermal treatment of walnut shell (WS) fiber in a closed container with water as heating medium reduced the hydroxyl content and surface polarity of the fiber. 20 Thus, the compatibility between the natural fiber and matrix was enhanced, producing high-quality, thermally stable composites. 21 For example, Anish et al 22 compared untreated and heat-treated sapwood with extract-rich heartwood.…”

Fully Bio-Based Adhesive from Tannin and Sucrose for Plywood Manufacturing with High Performances

“…Ideal bonding strength was only obtained when the hot-pressing temperature was above 210 °C . Even though the bonding strength was higher at 220 °C and 230 °C , but a hot-pressing temperature too high easily led to plywood deformation and color change [41,42], accompanied by a greater energy consumption. Therefore, 210 °C was considered a relatively appropriate hot-pressing temperature.…”

Carbon content and Stock per unit Volume of Bamboo- and Wood-based panels

“…The carbon content of the phenolic resin was much higher than that of the urea-formaldehyde resin; therefore, the overall carbon content of the cold-pressed reconstituted bamboo was lower. The high temperatures above 180 ℃ used for deep carbon treatment lead to the degradation of hemicellulose and its extracts, while lignin has good thermal stability [40]. Among the three components of bamboo, the carbon content of cellulose is 44.44%, that of half the bers is approximately 45.45%, and that of lignin is approximately 60% [12].…”