Surface Characterization

McGuire, G. E.; Weiss, Paul S.; Kushmerick, James G.; Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Simko, Steve J.; Nemanich, R. J.; Parikh, N.R.; Chopra, D. R.

doi:10.1021/a1970009h

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 211 publications

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“…14,15 Form I, II, and V were sufficiently stable and available in sufficient quantity to allow study by FTIR spectroscopy (Table 2). The main region of difference among the forms is from 1600 to 1200 cm −1 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphs and Hydrates of Acyclovir

Lutker

Quiñones

et al. 2011

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Acyclovir (ACV) has been commonly used as an antiviral for decades. Although the crystal structure of the commercial form, a 3:2 ACV/water solvate, has been known since 1980s, investigation into the structure of anhydrous ACV has been limited. Here, we report the characterization of four anhydrous forms of ACV and a new hydrate in addition to the known hydrate. Two of the anhydrous forms appear as small needles and are stable to air exposure, whereas the third form is morphologically similar but quickly absorbs water from the atmosphere and converts back to the commercial form. The high-temperature modification is achieved by heating anhydrous form I above 180°C. The crystal structures of anhydrous form I and a novel hydrate are reported for the first time.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphs and Hydrates of Acyclovir

Lutker

Quiñones

et al. 2011

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…One widely used non-destructive surface analysis technique is X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In this technique, particular electron binding energies of elements located at the surface are used to quantify the elemental composition and identify the chemical states of surface elements [153][154][155]. This spectroscopic method can identify all elements on the surface of activated carbon.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Progress on the Surface Chemical Modification of Carbonaceous Materials

2019

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Carbon-based materials is considered one of the oldest and extensively studied research areas related to gas adsorption, energy storage and wastewater treatment for removing organic and inorganic contaminants. Efficient adsorption on activated carbon relies heavily upon the surface chemistry and textural features of the main framework. The activation techniques and the nature of the precursor have strong impacts on surface functionalities. Consequently, the main emphasis for scientists is to innovate or improve the activation methods in an optimal way by selecting suitable precursors for desired adsorption. Various approaches, including acid treatment, base treatment and impregnation methods, have been used to design activated carbons with chemically modified surfaces. The present review article intends to deliver precise knowledge on efforts devoted by researchers to surface modification of activated carbons. Chemical modification approaches used to design modified activated carbons for gas adsorption, energy storage and water treatment are discussed here.

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“…Since the aforementioned reactions generally occur in the region of the solid/aqueous interface, numerous studies have been performed in the relevant aspects, e.g., mechanistic interpretation, model refinement and simulation strategy (Katz and Hayes, 1995;Hiemstra and Van Riemsdijk, 1996;Borkovec, 1997;Lu¨tzenkirchen, 1998). The corresponding techniques for identifying the reaction products have been greatly developed as well (McGuire et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling description and spectroscopic evidence of surface acid–base properties of natural illites

Liu

2001

Water Research

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Surface Characterization

Cited by 12 publications

References 211 publications

Polymorphs and Hydrates of Acyclovir

Polymorphs and Hydrates of Acyclovir

Current Progress on the Surface Chemical Modification of Carbonaceous Materials

Modeling description and spectroscopic evidence of surface acid–base properties of natural illites

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