Surface chemistry of carbonaceous gold ores I. Characterization of the carbonaceous matter and adsorption behavior in aurocyanide solution

Abotsi, G.M.K.; Osseo‐Asare, K.

doi:10.1016/0301-7516(86)90019-0

Cited by 45 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As expected, gold adsorption increases with an increase in surface area (Sibrell, 1991;Stenebråten et al, 2000). Abotsi and Osseo-Asare (1986) working in a Prestea ore sample measured 30.2 m 2 /g for a 4.56% carbon content. Abotsi and Osseo-Asare (1986) working in a Prestea ore sample measured 30.2 m 2 /g for a 4.56% carbon content.…”

Section: Adsorption Phenomenasupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The comparison between Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the carbonaceous matter and commercial activated carbon that has been activated at temperatures above 750 C (Adams, 1989) confirms the remarkable similarity between these materials, which implies that they are "chemically equivalent" (Stenebråten et al, 1999;Sibrell et al, 1990;Abotsi and Osseo-Asare, 1986;Osseo-Asare et al, 1983;Scheiner et al, 1971;Nice, 1971;Radke and Scheiner, 1970;Leaver and Woolf, 1930;Dorfman, 1922;Feldtman, 1915).…”

Section: Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Preg-Robbing Gold Ores

Miller

Wan²,

Diaz

2016

Gold Ore Processing

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Section: Adsorption Phenomenasupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Preg-Robbing Gold Ores

Miller

Wan²,

Diaz

2016

Gold Ore Processing

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“…Before the cyanidation process, the refractory gold must be oxidized under pressure oxidation and/or bioleached to facilitate its liberation [7,8]. Moreover, the physical (e.g., particle size and specific surface area) and mineralogical (e.g., degree of liberation) characterization of the organic carbon could affect the extraction of the refractory gold [9]. In the Kittilä case, the gold loss associated to carbon prefloat before the autoclave treatment is low because of the lack of the preg-robbing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CIL Gold Loss Characterization within Oxidized Leach Tails: Creating a Synergistic Approach between Mineralogical Characterization, Diagnostic Leach Tests, and Preg-Robbing Tests

et al. 2019

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A double refractory gold ore contains gold particles locked in sulphides, solid-solution in arsenopyrite, and preg-robbing material such as carbonaceous matter, and so on. The diagnostic leach test (DLT) and preg-robbing (PR) approaches are widely used to investigate the occurrence and the distribution of refractory gold. DLT serves to qualitatively evaluate the gold occurrences within the ore. Preg-robbing, or the ore’s capacity to fix dissolved gold, is evaluated to determine physical surface interactions (preg-borrowing) and chemical interactions (preg-robbing). The objective of this project is to characterize the refractory gold in Agnico Eagle Mine’s Kittilä ore using the DLT and PRT approaches coupled with mineralogical analyses to confirm testing. The studied material was sampled from the metallurgical circuit following carbon in leach (CIL) treatment at the outlet of the autoclave in order to investigate the effect of the autoclave treatment on the occurrence and distribution of gold. Different reagents were used in the DLT procedure: sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and nitric acid (HNO3). The final residue was roasted at a temperature of around 900 °C. These reagents were selected based on the mineralogical composition of the studied samples. After each leaching test/roasting, cyanide leaching with activated carbon was required to recover gold cyanide. The results show that gold is present in two forms (native and/or refractory): to a small extent in its native form and in its refractory form as association with sulfide minerals (i.e., arsenopyrite and pyrite) and autoclave secondary minerals that have been produced during the oxidation and neutralization processes such as iron oxides, iron sulfates, and calcium sulfate (i.e., hematite and jarosite), along with carbonaceous matter. The results of DLT indicate that 25–35% of the gold in the tails is nonrecoverable, as it is locked in silicates, and 20–40% is autoclave products. A regrind can help to mitigate the gold losses by liberating the Au-bearing sulphide minerals encapsulated within silicates.

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“…These techniques are not always successful. Typical example of the carbonaceous refractory ores includes Cortez and Carlin trends in Nevada (Nelson et al 1982, Afenya 1991, Stenebraten et al 1999, Stenebraten et al 2000, Prestea goldfields of Ghana ((Osseo-Asare et al 1984, Abotsi and Osseo-Asare 1986, Abotsi and Osseo-Asare 1987), Kerr Anderson and McIntyre Porcupine mines of Canada (Nice 1971, Afenya 1991 and some carbonaceous ores from U.S.S.R to name a few.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and pH 11 and the adsorption of gold-cyanide complex (Au (CN)2 -) greatly enhanced in presence of calcium ions which is due to the chemical interaction of functional groups of the organic matter Osseo-Asare 1986, Abotsi andOsseo-Asare 1987).…”

Section: Colloidal Goldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of mineralogy and surface chemistry on flotation of Cortez complex carbonaceous double refractory gold ore

Thella¹

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The recovery of gold from complex refractory gold ores is challenging. The refractory nature of these ores is due to the encapsulation of gold as colloidal gold particles or as gold in solid solution in a mineral matrix which is unreactive and impervious during the cyanide leaching process. The complexity of processing increases when both the presence of disseminated gold in the mineral matrix as well as the interference phases are present in the ore. The ore investigated in this research, from Barrick's Cortez mine in Nevada, USA, is a notable example of this type of complex refractory ore which is described as double-refractory due to the presence of gold in a sulfide mineral matrix as well as in carbonaceous matter in the ore. Double-refractory ores give low recoveries of gold during the cyanide leaching process, and a pre-concentration stage is required to achieve acceptable gold recoveries. Typically, flotation is the pre-concentration method employed to recover the gold-bearing mineral phases in the ore. Although the flotation response of Cortez double refractory gold ore has been assessed at a number of commercial laboratories, gold recoveries remain lower than expected, and the reasons for this are not well understood. This thesis examines the influence of mineralogy and surface chemistry on the flotation recovery of gold in the Cortez double refractory gold ore. A comprehensive, novel experimental approach that combines solution analysis, optical microscopy, SEM-based automated mineral analysis (MLA/QEMSCAN), Raman spectroscopy, Dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry, ToF-SIMS and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis on flotation feed, concentrates (both carbonaceous matter (TCM) and sulfides concentrates) and tailings has been applied to identify the causes of low gold recovery in flotation. The results of the research have shown that contrary to the expected deportment of gold in Carlin-type deposits as invisible gold associated with sulfide minerals, the gold in this Cortez ore is predominantly visible gold, present as native gold grains ranging in size from 2 to 33 µm with an average of 10µm. This is the main cause of the low gold recovery observed for this ore when treated with the standard Cortez ore flotation reagent regime which is designed to recover gold-bearing pyrite. The xanthate collector used in the standard Cortez reagent regime would not selectively recover grains of native gold. Exploratory flotation tests with a collector that specifically targets viii Financial support This research work was fully funded by Barrick Gold Corporation, Canada and I take immense pleasure in thanking Barrick personnel especially Dr. Barun Gorain who made my Ph.D. experience productive and fruitful.

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Surface chemistry of carbonaceous gold ores I. Characterization of the carbonaceous matter and adsorption behavior in aurocyanide solution

Cited by 45 publications

References 12 publications

Preg-Robbing Gold Ores

Preg-Robbing Gold Ores

CIL Gold Loss Characterization within Oxidized Leach Tails: Creating a Synergistic Approach between Mineralogical Characterization, Diagnostic Leach Tests, and Preg-Robbing Tests

The influence of mineralogy and surface chemistry on flotation of Cortez complex carbonaceous double refractory gold ore

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