Surface-Coated Cerium Nanoparticles to Improve Chemotherapeutic Delivery to Tumor Cells

Abstract

The antioxidant property of cerium oxide nanoparticles has increased their demand as a nanocarrier to improve the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs. Here, we report the synthesis of alginate-coated ceria nanoformulations (ceria NPs) and characterization using FTIR spectroscopy, Raman microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The synthesized ceria NPs show negligible inherent in vitro toxicity when tested on a MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line at higher particle concentrations. Upon loading these particles with doxorubicin (Dox) and paclitaxel (PTX) drugs, we observe a potential synergistic cytotoxic effect mediated by the drug and the ceria NPs, resulting in the better killing capacity as well as suppression of cell migration against the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Further, to verify the immune-escaping capacity before targeting cancer cells, we coated the drug-loaded ceria NPs with the membrane of MDA-MB-231 cells using an extrusion method. The resultant delivery system exhibited in vitro preferential uptake by the MDA-MB-231 cell line and showed reduced uptake by the murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7), assigning its potential application as non-immunogenic personalized therapy in targeting and killing of cancer cells.

Hyaluronic Acid Modified Metal Nanoparticles and Their Derived Substituents for Cancer Therapy: A Review

“…The use of Ce-NPs raises serious safety concerns, due to a propensity to aggregate and cause unfavorable side effects. Thus, to address such demerits, Ce-NPs can be conjugated with HA to decrease agglomeration and to improve their biological activities [ 36 , 37 ].…”

“…When these regulatory genes are defective, an imbalance in the cell cycle and apoptosis occurs, leading to uncontrolled cell growth, to a propensity to aggregate and cause unfavorable side effects. Thus, to address such demerits, Ce-NPs can be conjugated with HA to decrease agglomeration and to improve their biological activities [36,37].…”

Core-Tunable Dendritic Polymer: A Folate-Guided Theranostic Nanoplatform for Drug Delivery Applications

“…Various nanomaterials such as metallic nanoparticles, including iron oxide, − gold, − cerium oxide, − quantum dots, − and nonmetallic nanoparticles, including micelles, − liposomes, − carbon nanotubes, − graphene oxide, − silica nanoparticles, , and polymeric nanoparticles, − have been reported as theranostic drug delivery systems. Metallic nanoparticles have shown tremendous potential for cancer imaging and treatment because of their several desirable properties, such as magnetic, thermal, light emission, optical, and antioxidant properties.…”

Nanoceria Aggregate Formulation Promotes Buffer Stability, Cell Clustering, and Reduction of Adherent Biofilm in Streptococcus mutans

“…The initial strategy was to react the above nanoceria with anionic polymers to afford coated structures that are stabilized by a net negative surface charge. The strategy of preparing discrete, polymer-coated single nanoceria to enhance chemical or biological properties is well-known, − as is the formation of polymer-associated aggregates appearing as side products as a function of variable synthetic or storage conditions. ,, Further, targeted studies detailing the conditions for formation and assembly of polymer-associated nanoceria aggregates have been reported. , One of the polymers screened herein for the stabilization of nanoceria was chondroitin sulfate A ( i.e ., chondroitin-4-sulfate, CSA, Figure ) due to its low cost, biocompatibility, and anionic charge over a wide pH range. We could find no prior reports of CSA-associated nanoceria aggregates; however, CSA (chemically modified CSA or mixtures thereof)-coated iron oxide − and gold nanoparticles , have both been reported.…”