Surface effects from an underwater explosion (review)

Kedrinskii, V. K.

doi:10.1007/bf00859396

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Potential flow theory has also shown that when an indented surface is assumed for the initial condition then the jet is intensified in its velocity. 5 For values of C > 0. 5, it has been observed that in the case of spark generated bubbles, the free surface is not broached by the bubble during its first complete pulsation.…”

Section: Amaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 For values of C > 0. 5, it has been observed that in the case of spark generated bubbles, the free surface is not broached by the bubble during its first complete pulsation. 4 Secondary plumes ejected radially above the surface after the bubble collapse have been also been observed and are due to the second expansion of the bubble, which at this time forms an annular region.…”

Section: Amaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P =d + PA (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) where d is the initial charge depth, and PA is the air pressure. For sea water PA = Pea = 33, feet of water.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equation (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) simply reflects the assumption that the initial bubble volume is proportional to I the charge weight. Values for q are difficult to measure photographically, because of the deformation of the bubble upon its collapse.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Snay and Christian 24 improved on 1 this procedure by using the difference of the maximum and minimum bubble pulse pressure measured a given distance from the bubble center. For example, if AP(R) = Pmax(R) -min(R ) is the I difference in the maximum to minimum values of the pressure at a distance R from the charge center (occurring at the time of the first bubble minimum and maximum, respectively) then it I one can obtain a by solving (3-13a) or (3-13b) for a and determine q using (3-2) and (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Computations of q using the data from Arons et al [20][21][22] are listed below in Table 3-2 for TNT charges Ui using both y= 1.25 and y= 1.3.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computations and Experiments of Shallow Depth Explosion Plumes

Szymczak¹,

Solomon²

1996

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Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. REPORT DATE AUG 19962. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-1996 to 00-00-1996 FOREWORDThis report was prepared in support of the Water Barrier Ship Self-Defense Concept, managed by C. E. Higdon of the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division (NSWCDD), Dahlgren, Virginia, Code G42. Under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research (ONR), Arlington, Virginia, the Center is developing technology that has the potential to be very effective in defending Navy platforms against high speed low flying antiship missiles (ASMs). The concept uses a wall of water to provide a low cost, universal terminal defense system for ships. The wall of water or water barrier is formed from the shallow detonations of multiple underwater explosives to protect the ship from attacking ASMs. This concept can be employed to slow or stop debris and warhead fragments from missiles killed at very short range to preclude significant damage to the defending ship. Furthermore, the barrier would defeat the fuzing and structure of ASMs that have penetrated the inner self-defense layer.The main thrust of this report is to provide validations of a hydrodynamics computer code for predicting explosion plume behavior. The results of experiments conducted at NSWC Carderock Division, Bethesda, Maryland, in May 1993, at a quarry in Arvonia, Virginia in August 1994, and at the Briar Point facility of the Aberdeen Proving Grounds in June 1994, are used for the validation studies.The research in this paper related to the Water Barrier Ship Self-Defense Concept was supported by D. Siegal (ONR, Code 351). The basic research required for the development of the computational method and some of the theory presented was supported, in part, by R. Lau (ONR, Code 311) and the NSWC Independent Research (IR) fund.In addition to the sponsors of this research, the authors would like to acknowledge the work of J. Connor (NSWC Indian Head (IH) 9540A) for providing plume height measurements and underwater bubble and plume profiles; K. Boulais, J. Choe, and K. Erwin (NSWCDD, B42) for providing the microwave data measurements; and L. Lipton (NSWCIH 450) for providing the density probe data. We also thank S. L. Drinnon (NSWCDD, B44) for assisting in preparing t...

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Section: Amaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P =d + PA (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) where d is the initial charge depth, and PA is the air pressure. For sea water PA = Pea = 33, feet of water.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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