Surface-emitting circular DFB, disk- and ring- Bragg resonator lasers with chirped gratings: a unified theory and comparative study

Sun, Xiankai; Yariv, Amnon

doi:10.1364/oe.16.009155

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The laser structural parameters are assumed to be the same as those in [7] and [8]. In short, in grating regions h 1 = 0.0072 + 0.0108i and h 2 = 0.0601 while in no-grating regions both vanish.…”

Section: Numerical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1a) and (1b) have analytical solutions [7]. In case of using a nonuniform pump profile and/or taking into account the gain saturation effects in above-threshold operation, Eqs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Including a second-order Fourier component, the gratings are able to provide in-plane feedback as well as couple laser emission out of the resonator plane. In previous parts of this paper series [7,8], we have solved the modes and compared the modal properties, by both analytical and numerical approaches, of the three types of lasers at threshold. Gain saturation effects in above-threshold operation were previously studied in both linear and circular DFB and DBR lasers [4,[9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Surface-emitting circular DFB, disk-, and ring-Bragg resonator lasers with chirped gratings III: gain saturation effects and above-threshold analysis

Sun¹,

Yariv²

2009

Opt. Express

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As Part III of this series, this paper focuses on an abovethreshold modal analysis which includes gain saturation effects in the surface-emitting chirped circular grating lasers. We derive an exact energy relation which states that, in steady state, the net power generated in the gain medium is equal to the sum of peripheral leakage power and vertical emission power. This relation is particularly useful in checking the accuracy of numerical mode solving. Numerical simulations demonstrate the dependence of required pump level on the vertical emission power and compare the laser threshold and energy conversion efficiency under uniform, Gaussian, and annular pump profiles. A larger overlap between the pump profile and modal intensity distribution leads to a lower threshold and a higher energy conversion efficiency. Finally the dependence of required pump level on device sizes offers us new design guidelines of these lasers for single-mode, high-efficiency, high-power applications.

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Section: Numerical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1a) and (1b) have analytical solutions [7]. In case of using a nonuniform pump profile and/or taking into account the gain saturation effects in above-threshold operation, Eqs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Surface-emitting circular DFB, disk-, and ring-Bragg resonator lasers with chirped gratings III: gain saturation effects and above-threshold analysis

Sun¹,

Yariv²

2009

Opt. Express

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“…One of the most straightforward approaches is to add sub-wavelength scale index perturbation to the walls. For example, the application of periodic index modulation along the radial [9,10] and azimuthal [11] directions has been found to be effective for selecting the specific order of resonance modes.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cylindrical Resonator Utilizing a Curved Resonant Grating as a Cavity Wall

2012

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A thin-film grating on a curved substrate functions as a highly reflective and wavelength sensitive mirror for a diverging wave that has the same curvature as the substrate. In this paper we propose a cylindrical cavity surrounded by a curved resonant grating wall, and describe its resonance characteristics. Through finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation we have clarified that this type of cavity supports two resonance modes: one is confined by Fresnel reflection and the other by resonance reflection of the wall. We have also demonstrated that the latter mode exhibits a Q factor several orders of magnitude higher than that of the former mode.

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“…In both examples, the single lasing mode is selected by means of one-dimensional feedback structures. Utilizing two-dimensional distributed feedback, surface emitters have achieved broad-area single-mode operations [1][2][3]. In particular, PCSELs have not only achieved the highest surface-emitting single-mode power [4] but also the ability to control the shapes [5], polarizations [6] and directions [7] of the laser beams.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Larger-area single-mode photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers enabled by an accidental Dirac point

et al. 2014

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By altering the lattice geometry of the photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs), we tune the regular lasing band edges of quadratic dispersions to form a single accidental Dirac point of linear dispersion at the Brillouin zone center. This not only increases the mode spacing by orders of magnitude, but also eliminates the distributed in-plane feedback to enable single-mode PCSELs of substantially larger area thus substantially higher output power. The advantages of using accidental Dirac cones are systematically evaluated through two-dimensional in-plane calculations and confirmed by three-dimensional simulations of photonic crystal slab devices.Higher power single-mode on-chip lasers with good beam qualities are of interest for many applications. While the edge emitting sources (distributed feedback lasers) suffer from catastrophic optical damage at their facets, surface-emitting sources (vertical cavity surfaceemitting lasers) are usually limited by their small cavity sizes. In both examples, the single lasing mode is selected by means of one-dimensional feedback structures. Utilizing two-dimensional distributed feedback, surface emitters have achieved broad-area single-mode operations [1][2][3]. In particular, PCSELs have not only achieved the highest surface-emitting single-mode power [4] but also the ability to control the shapes [5], polarizations [6] and directions [7] of the laser beams. PCSELs are essentially the two-dimensional (2D) versions of the second-order distributed feedback lasers [8], where the higher quality factor lasing mode is selected through the symmetry mismatch to the free-space modes [9][10][11]. However, the lasing areas of PCSELs are limited by two fundamental constraints. Firstly, the mode spacing decreases as the cavity area increases, which promotes multi-mode lasing. Secondly, the distributed in-plane feedback localizes the lasing fields to individual coherent sections, which promotes multi-area lasing.In this work, we tune the regular lasing band edges of quadratic dispersions to form accidental Dirac cones [12][13][14] of linear dispersions. This not only increases the mode spacing by orders of magnitude but also eliminates the distributed in-plane feedback, turning the periodic index-modulated cavities into equivalent Fabry-Perot-

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Surface-emitting circular DFB, disk- and ring- Bragg resonator lasers with chirped gratings: a unified theory and comparative study

Cited by 23 publications

References 49 publications

Surface-emitting circular DFB, disk-, and ring-Bragg resonator lasers with chirped gratings III: gain saturation effects and above-threshold analysis

Surface-emitting circular DFB, disk-, and ring-Bragg resonator lasers with chirped gratings III: gain saturation effects and above-threshold analysis

Cylindrical Resonator Utilizing a Curved Resonant Grating as a Cavity Wall

Larger-area single-mode photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers enabled by an accidental Dirac point

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