Surface Engineered Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Based Novel Hybrid Systems for Effective Wound Healing: A Review of Recent Developments

Abstract

Wounds present serious medical complications and their healing requires strategies that promote angiogenesis, deposition of collagen as well as re-epithelialization of wounds. Currently used conventional wound healing strategies have become less effective due to various issues associated with them. Thus, novel strategies are needed to be developed for early and effective healing of wounds. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), formed by linking of metal ions through organic bridging ligands, are highly tunable hybrid materials and have attracted more considerable scientific attention due to their charming and prominent properties, such as abundant pore structures and multiple functionalities. Surface engineering of MOFs with unique ligands can overcome issues associated with conventional wound healing methods, thus resulting in early and effective wound healing. This review has been undertaken to elaborate wound healing, and the use of surface engineered MOFs for effective and rapid wound healing. The process of wound healing will be discussed followed by a detailed review of recent literature for summarizing applications of surface engineered MOFs for wound healing. MOFs wound healing will be discussed in terms of their use as antibacterial agents, therapeutic delivery vehicles, and dressing systems in wound healing.

Engineering functional natural polymer-based nanocomposite hydrogels for wound healing

“…193 Due to the bactericidal ability of metal ions such as Ag + , Zn 2+ , and Cu 2+ , NNPHs with MOF-based nanomaterials serving as nanofillers have also been studied for wound healing applications. 194–196 Deng et al reported an injectable biomimetic NNPH using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with encapsulated Au nanoparticles (Au@ZIF-8) and hydrogels prepared using carbohydrazide-modified GelMa and oxidized sodium alginate through a Schiff-base as well as photo crosslinking. The NNPH displayed photodynamic bactericidal performance, with >99.0% of bacteria eradicated after light exposure (generating ROS) for 20 minutes.…”

The Insights of Microbes’ Roles in Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review

“…In addition, myofibroblast highly expresses cytoskeleton α-actin, a type of smooth muscle protein that is essential for the contraction of the blood vessel [ 38 ]. At the final stage of wound healing, the myofibroblasts will be destroyed while cross-linked collagen fibers are rearranged and regulated by growth factors to give the newly formed scar a better tensile strength [ 39 ]. Table 1 shows the difference between acute and chronic wounds.…”

Current status and prospects of metal–organic frameworks for bone therapy and bone repair

“…22,23 Therefore, bone materials must have anti-corrosion and anti-infection properties. 22 MOFs contain metal ions, and based on the unique structure of MOFs, metal ions in the central structure can be released as needed, which can not only play an anti-bacterial and anti-infection role and promote wound healing, 22,24,25 but also enhance the ALP activity and play an important role in the process of osteogenesis. 22,24 Also, the ideal biological skeletal material needs to be capable of transporting materials, thus preventing bone loss.…”