Surface Engineering: Past, Present, and Future

Abstract

The origins of surface engineering lie in antiquity, with the practices in ancient Greece and China of hardening, tempering, and crude forms of case hardening using solid organic materials. However, it was only at the turn of the 20th century, with the advent of widespread research into electrical phenomena, that the extensive portfolio of modern surface technologies emerged. This includes laser, plasma, and ion beam techniques, which are used to produce a composite material showing properties unattainable in either the base or surface materia!. The present report explores the basic principles of surface engineering, and examines the future of the discipline from the perspective of current research into second generation multiple treatments.

Surface coating effects on contact stress and wear: An approach of surface engineering design and modelling

“…1 The ever increasing demands in modern machinery, for example high performance racing car transmission systems, have further led to the recent development of advanced surface engineering technologies. [2][3][4][5][6] Many surface engineering systems, including single, duplex and multilayer systems, 7,8 are now available to combat various component degradation problems and to meet the requirements of new design of mechanical systems operating under ever more severe conditions.…”

The Use of Cooling Holes to Decrease the Amount of Thermal Damage on a Plastic Gear Tooth

“…Significant progress has been made in recent decades in the development of a variety of surface engineering technologies [6,7] that may enhance heat transfer from the gears. Recently, several reports were published regarding the effects of tooth deflection on the performance of plastic gears [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], and the tooth surface temperature rise during the meshing of spur gear pairs due to friction was investigated [9,[15][16][17][18].…”

Influence of ion nitriding process on the properties of zirconia coating deposited on stainless steel

“…Most of them are generally based on treatments to high temperatures. The ion-nitriding process has been widely used to nitride metallic surfaces, normal steels and stainless steels at relatively low temperature [7,8]. The aim of the present work is to use the ion-nitriding process in nitriding yttria-stabilized zirconia films deposited on AISI 310 stainless steels.…”