Surface-Enhanced Nonresonance Raman Scattering of Rhodamine 6G Molecules Adsorbed on Gold Nanorod Films

Suzuki, Mototsugu; Niidome, Yasuro; Terasaki, Nao; Inoue, Kei; Kuwahara, Yutaka; Yamada, S.

doi:10.1143/jjap.43.l554

Cited by 86 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…One thing should also be pointed out is that silver nanoparticle or silver-coated gold nanoparticle show 10-10 2 times stronger enhancement due to a stronger molar extinction coefficient [323] and less plasmon damping compared to gold. Nanorod aggregation, [327][328][329] two-dimensional film, [330][331][332][333] and assembly, especially end-to-end assembly, [229] offer further enhancement due to plasmon coupling between particles. In the recent studies by Huang et al, [334] the assembly of gold nanorods by cancer cells due to the binding of the anti-EGFR-conjugated rods to the overexpressed EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) on the cancer cell surface gives highly enhanced, sharp, and polarized SERS, while no SERS is observed from the majority of the normal cells.…”

Section: Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering Molecular Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanorods: From Synthesis and Properties to Biological and Biomedical Applications

2009

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Noble metal nanoparticles are capable of confining resonant photons in such a manner as to induce coherent surface plasmon oscillation of their conduction band electrons, a phenomenon leading to two important properties. Firstly, the confinement of the photon to the nanoparticle's dimensions leads to a large increase in its electromagnetic field and consequently great enhancement of all the nanoparticle's radiative properties, such as absorption and scattering. Moreover, by confining the photon's wavelength to the nanoparticle's small dimensions, there exists enhanced imaging resolving powers, which extend well below the diffraction limit, a property of considerable importance in potential device applications. Secondly, the strongly absorbed light by the nanoparticles is followed by a rapid dephasing of the coherent electron motion in tandem with an equally rapid energy transfer to the lattice, a process integral to the technologically relevant photothermal properties of plasmonic nanoparticles. Of all the possible nanoparticle shapes, gold nanorods are especially intriguing as they offer strong plasmonic fields while exhibiting excellent tunability and biocompatibility. We begin this review of gold nanorods by summarizing their radiative and nonradiative properties. Their various synthetic methods are then outlined with an emphasis on the seed-mediated chemical growth. In particular, we describe nanorod spontaneous self-assembly, chemically driven assembly, and polymer-based alignment. The final section details current studies aimed at applications in the biological and biomedical fields.

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Section: Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering Molecular Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanorods: From Synthesis and Properties to Biological and Biomedical Applications

2009

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“…In addition to lithographically produced Au nanorod arrays, 9 random aggregates of Au nanorods produced by chemical routes [10][11][12] are extensively investigated. However, it is not easy to immobilize the Au nanorods uniformly in isolation with each other.…”

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Au Nanorod Arrays Tailored for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2007

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IntroductionFor applying local field enhancement arising from local plasmons present in noble metal nanoparticles to biochemical sensors, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors, it is important to control both the shape and the arrangement of the nanoparticles.1 It is well known that wellordered 2D periodic arrays of triangular nanoparticles prepared by nanosphere lithography (NSL) show plasma resonance within a rather narrow wavelength region, and the sharp corners of the triangles result in strong SERS.2 Although NSL enables the size of the nanoparticles to be tuned, the number density of the nanoparticles is geometrically fixed. Some applications, such as Raman imaging, may require more SERS-active spots to improve the space resolution. In addition, it is difficult to tune the lowest order of the local plasma resonance to the near-infrared (NIR) region, which is appropriate for biological applications. 3A drastic enhancement in the local field is considered to also occur at the ends of elongated nanoparticles. 4 In fact, for light in the visible to NIR region, SERS has been observed on arrays of elongated Ag nanoparticles, or so-called nanorods, whose widths are in the range of tens of nanometers and whose aspect ratios are 2 -5. 5-7 Liao et al. 5 prepared in-line aligned nanorod arrays on lithographically produced templates, while Martínes et al. 6 and Wachter et al. 7 produced side-by-side aligned nanorod arrays by oblique deposition. Taking into account the gap enhancement in the local field, 8 in-line alignment of the nanorods is more desirable than side-by-side alignment. However, even today, it is difficult to produce sub-micrometer patterns over large areas at low cost.Gold nanorods are also attracting much interest, since chemically stable Au is considered to be preferred to Ag for the material of the SERS substrates. In addition to lithographically produced Au nanorod arrays, 9 random aggregates of Au nanorods produced by chemical routes [10][11][12] are extensively investigated. However, it is not easy to immobilize the Au nanorods uniformly in isolation with each other.Recently, we demonstrated the direct formation of Ag nanorods with quasi-parallel major axes on a template layer of SiO2 having a strongly anisotropic surface morphology by using a dynamic oblique deposition (DOD) technique. 13 These Ag nanorods show excellent SERS properties. 14,15 In this study, we report that physically self-assembled Au nanorod arrays show fairly highly sensitive SERS properties that are comparable with those of Ag. ExperimentalThe preparation method of Au nanorod arrays is basically the same as that of Ag nanorod arrays reported in our previous papers.14,15 Briefly, template layers of SiO2 were prepared on a glass substrate by the serial bideposition (SBD) technique, which is a version of the vacuum evaporation technique. During SBD, the deposition angle, αSiO 2 , measured from the surface normal was fixed to 78.6˚, while the azimuth was rapidly changed by 180˚ with each deposition of a 10-nm-t...

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“…43 The films of gold monoparticles, nanospheres and nanorods (rod-shaped gold nanoparticles), 44 were fabricated at a liquid/liquid phase boundary, and they were scooped by using a glass plate to use as SERS substrates. SEM images of the nanoparticle films are shown in the right column of Fig.…”

Section: ·2 Applications To Spectroscopic Measurements 4·2·1 Sersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to elucidate this issue, we prepared a monoparticle film of gold nanoparticles by utilizing a liquid/liquid phase boundary. 43 This film was deposited onto a transparent electrode and was used as a three-dimensional electrode. An scanning electron micrograph (SEM) image of the electrode is shown in Fig.…”

Section: ·3 Photoelectrochemistry Assisted By Enhanced Electricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Strong Interactions between Photons and Molecules to Analytical Sciences

Yamada

2009

ANAL. SCI.

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Spectroscopic measurements and applications to analytical sciences utilizing strong interactions between photons and molecules will be described. In particular, this report demonstrates high-sensitivity analysis of chemical species in solution through laser multiphoton ionization, and selective detection and characterization of the molecules located at solid surfaces and phase boundaries by using the method of second harmonic generation. Furthermore, new spectroscopic methods and sensitivity improvements utilizing the resonance of incident light photons with surface plasmons emerging on the surfaces of gold nanoparticles and nanostructures are presented. In addition, applications of surface plasmon resonance to spatio-selective plating to microscopic sites and to the field of nanobiotechnology are described, with special focusing on controlling biomolecules.

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Surface-Enhanced Nonresonance Raman Scattering of Rhodamine 6G Molecules Adsorbed on Gold Nanorod Films

Cited by 86 publications

References 22 publications

Gold Nanorods: From Synthesis and Properties to Biological and Biomedical Applications

Gold Nanorods: From Synthesis and Properties to Biological and Biomedical Applications

Au Nanorod Arrays Tailored for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Applications of Strong Interactions between Photons and Molecules to Analytical Sciences

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